Performance and issues in pipelining-throughput, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Performance and Issues in Pipelining

Throughput: Throughput of a pipeline can be defined as the number of results that have been getting per unit time. It can be denoted as:

                                                   T = n / [m + (n-1)]. c = E / c

Throughput signifies the computing power of the pipeline.

Maximum speed up, throughput and efficiency are the perfect cases but these are not achieved in the useful cases, as the speedup is limited due to the many factors:

  • Data dependency between successive tasks:There might be dependencies among the instructions of two tasks used in the pipeline. For example, one instruction cannot be going ahead until the previous instruction returns the results, as both are interdependent. One more instance of data dependency will be when that both instructions try to modify the similar data object. These are known as data hazards.
  • Resource Constraints: When resources are not available at the time of implementation then delays are caused in pipelining. For example, if single common memory is used for both instructions and data and there is require to read/write and fetch the instruction at the similar time then only one can be carried out and the other has to stay. One more example is of limited resource like implementation unit, which may be busy at the required time.
  • Branch Instructions and Interrupts in the program:A program is not a directly flow of sequential instructions. There may be branch instructions that modify the normal flow of program, which delays the pipelining implementation and affects the performance. Likewise, there are interrupts that postpones the implementation of next instruction until the interrupt has been serviced. Interrupt and the Branches have harmful effects on the pipelining.

Related Discussions:- Performance and issues in pipelining-throughput

What is process, In Windows, Thread is a unit of implementation. Process is...

In Windows, Thread is a unit of implementation. Process is the environment in which thread implements. Scheduler, schedules the Threads not the process. In Unix variants, Thread is

Compare a decoder and a demultiplexer with block diagram, Compare a decoder...

Compare a decoder and a demultiplexer with suitable block diagrams. Ans. Demultiplexer has similar circuit as decoder but here e is obtained as the particular input line, the

Which things should microprocessor validate, Q. Which things should micropr...

Q. Which things should microprocessor validate? A microprocessor should validate: Powerful addressing modes More addressing capability More throughput Po

Computational study of a spring-mass system, Idealized spring-mass systems ...

Idealized spring-mass systems have numerous applications throughout engineering. Fig.1 shows an arrangement of three masses and four springs which, after is released, is pulled dow

Define the term- analysis, Define the term- Analysis The analysis invol...

Define the term- Analysis The analysis involves some or all of the following stages: Fact finding - this is usually done in four ways. Understanding the current syst

The alignment of a type ''c'' field in a report, The alignment of a type 'c...

The alignment of a type 'c' field in a report is? ? Left Aligned.

Short notes on model primitives in director mx 2004, Question: (a) Prep...

Question: (a) Prepare short notes on the model primitives in Director MX 2004. (b) Therefore using the box primitive write codes to prepare a new model resource of length 50

Explain block diagram for 4 bit parallel adder, What is parallel adder? Dra...

What is parallel adder? Draw and explain block diagram for 4 bit parallel adder. Ans: By using full adder circuit, any two bits can be added along with third input like a ca

Give an example of resource allocation graph & deadlocked, Suppose there ar...

Suppose there are 2 copies of resource A, 3 copies of resource B, and 3 copies of resource C. Suppose further that process 1 holds one unit of resources B and C and is waiting for

Multi-layer artificial neural networks, Multi-Layer Artificial Neural Netwo...

Multi-Layer Artificial Neural Networks - Artificial intelligence: Now we can look at more sophisticated ANNs, which are known multi-layer artificial neural networks because the

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd