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PC Bus and Interrupt System
The PC Bus utilized a bus controller, address latches, and data transceivers (bidirectional data buffers).
1) Bus controller :( Intel 8288 Bus Controller) coordinates activities on bus. It converts clock signal and CPU status into bus control signals. These control signals direct operations of data transceivers, latches and the I/O bus
2) Address latches: these are buffers for the address lines. They consider 2 reasons, fill the speed gap between the CPU and other devices; and permit the CPU pins to be utilized for other purposes.
3) Data transceivers: it is bidirectional data buffers
Interrupt processing: interrupt processing follows the below steps:
Once the external device recognizes the acknowledge, then it places the interrupt vector number on the data bus (through interrupt controller, in the case of IBM PC)
After the CPU receives the interrupt vector, it start the standard interrupt-initiation sequence: forming the interrupt vector address; then it is starting execution of the interrupt handler routine.
SHORT : The SHORT operator denoted to the assembler that only one byte is needed to code the displacement for a jump (for example displacement is within -128 to +127 bytes fr
Logical Instruction : This type of instructions is utilized for carrying out the bit by bit shift, basic logical operations or rotate. All of the condition code flags are affe
AAS: ASCII Adjust AL After Subtraction AAS instruction correct the result in the AL register after subtracting operation of two unpacked ASCII operands. The result is in unpacked
External System Bus Architecture : This is a 16 bit processor with 40 pins. It has twenty address pins and out of which sixteen are utilized as data pins. This concept of by us
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