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PC Bus and Interrupt System
The PC Bus utilized a bus controller, address latches, and data transceivers (bidirectional data buffers).
1) Bus controller :( Intel 8288 Bus Controller) coordinates activities on bus. It converts clock signal and CPU status into bus control signals. These control signals direct operations of data transceivers, latches and the I/O bus
2) Address latches: these are buffers for the address lines. They consider 2 reasons, fill the speed gap between the CPU and other devices; and permit the CPU pins to be utilized for other purposes.
3) Data transceivers: it is bidirectional data buffers
Interrupt processing: interrupt processing follows the below steps:
Once the external device recognizes the acknowledge, then it places the interrupt vector number on the data bus (through interrupt controller, in the case of IBM PC)
After the CPU receives the interrupt vector, it start the standard interrupt-initiation sequence: forming the interrupt vector address; then it is starting execution of the interrupt handler routine.
8088 Timing System Diagram The 8088 address/data bus is divided in 3 parts (a) the lower 8 address/data bits, (b) the middle 8 address bits, and (c) the upper 4 status/
LIST p=18f4550 #include org 0x0000 movlw 0x00 _________ movlw 0xFF movwf PORTB end .
Fourth Generation Microprocessor : The single chip 32-bit microprocessor was introduced in 1981 by Intel as iAPX 432. The other 4th generation microprocessors were; Hewlett
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