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Parameter and Keyword Description:
dynamic_string:
This is a string variable, literal, or expression which represents a SQL statement or the PL/SQL block.
define_variable_name:
This identifies a variable which stores a SELECTED column value.
record_name:
This identifies a user-defined or %ROWTYPE record which stores a SELECTED row.
bind_argument_name:
These identify an expression whose value is passed to the PL/SQL block or dynamic SQL statement.
INTO ...:
This clause, useful only for specifies the variables record, or single-row queries into which the column values are fetched.
USING ...:
This clause specifies the list of bind arguments. If you do not specify the parameter mode, it default to IN. At run time, a few bind arguments in the USING clause substitute the corresponding placeholders in the PL/SQL block or SQL statement.
Positional and Named Notation You can write the actual parameters when calling a subprogram, using either positional or named notation. That is, you can point to the relationsh
Operators on Tables and Rows Row Extraction TUPLE FROM r, SQL has row subqueries. These are just like scalar subqueries except that they may specify more than one column.
1. Create a procedure called TAX_COST_SP to accomplish the tax calculation task. Keep in mind that the state and subtotal values are inputs into the procedure and the procedure is
Logical Connectives - SQL SQL's extended truth tables in which the symbol, for unknown, appears along with the usual T and F. Negation (NOT, ¬) Conjunction (
SQL Pseudocolumns The PL/SQL recognizes the following SQL pseudocolumns, that returns the specific data items: LEVEL, NEXTVAL, CURRVAL, ROWID, & ROWNUM. The Pseudocolumns are n
CLOSE Statement The CLOSE statement allows the resources held by a cursor variable or open cursor to be reused. No more rows can be fetched from the cursor variable or closed
Use Object Types and Collections The Collection types and object types increase your efficiency by allowing for the realistic data modeling. The Complex real-world entities an
Functions The function is a subprogram that calculates a value. The Functions and procedures are structured similar, except that the functions have a RETURN clause. You can
Using COMMIT The COMMIT statements end the present transaction and make permanent any changes made during that transaction. Till you commit the changes, other users cannot acc
Special cases of projection This section describes the identity projection, r {ALL BUT}, and the projection on no attributes, r { }, which yields TABLE_DUM when r is empty, ot
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