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Parameter and Keyword Description:
record_type_name:
This identifies the user-defined type specifier that is used in the subsequent declarations of the records.
NOT NULL:
This constraint prevents the assigning of the nulls to the field. At the run time, trying to assign the null to a field, defined as NOT NULL raises the predefined exception VALUE_ ERROR. The constraint NOT NULL should be followed by an initialization clause.
datatype:
The datatype is a type specifier.
:= | DEFAULT:
This keyword or operator allows you to initialize the fields to the default values.
expression:
This is a indiscriminately complex combination of the constants, variables, literals, operators, & function calls. The easiest expression consists of a single variable. When the declaration is explained, the value of the expression is assigned to the field. The value and the field should have the compatible datatypes.
Updating Variables For assignment, SQL uses the key word SET, as in SET X = X + 1 (read as "set X equal to X+1") rather than X: = X + 1 as found in many computer languages.
Effects of NULL The numeric variable X, perhaps of type INTEGER, might be assigned NULL. In that case the result of evaluating X + 1 is NULL, and so SET Y = X + 1 assigns NULL
Dynamic Ranges The PL/SQL lets you determine the loop range dynamically at run time, as the example below shows: SELECT COUNT(empno) INTO emp_count FROM emp; FOR i IN 1..emp_cou
If two relations R and S are joined, then the non matching tuples of both R and S are ignored in __________________.
Using raise_application_error The Package DBMS_STANDARD that is supplied with Oracle gives language facilities that help your application to interact with Oracle. For illustra
Recursion versus Iteration Dissimilar the iteration, recursion is not crucial to PL/SQL programming. Any problem which can be solved using recursion can be solving using the it
Blocks: The fundamental program unit in the PL/SQL is the block. The PL/SQL block is defined by the keywords BEGIN, DECLARE, EXCEPTION, and END. These keywords partition the b
SQL Pseudocolumns The PL/SQL recognizes the following SQL pseudocolumns, that returns the specific data items: LEVEL, NEXTVAL, CURRVAL, ROWID, & ROWNUM. The Pseudocolumns are n
Operator Precedence The operations within an expression are completed in a particular order depending on their precedence (priority). The table shows the default order of the op
Using RENAME in combination with JOIN - SQL Example gives pairs of ids of students having the same name, by joining two renamings of IS_CALLED. Example gives an equivalent ex
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