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Parameter and Keyword Description:
record_type_name:
This identifies the user-defined type specifier that is used in the subsequent declarations of the records.
NOT NULL:
This constraint prevents the assigning of the nulls to the field. At the run time, trying to assign the null to a field, defined as NOT NULL raises the predefined exception VALUE_ ERROR. The constraint NOT NULL should be followed by an initialization clause.
datatype:
The datatype is a type specifier.
:= | DEFAULT:
This keyword or operator allows you to initialize the fields to the default values.
expression:
This is a indiscriminately complex combination of the constants, variables, literals, operators, & function calls. The easiest expression consists of a single variable. When the declaration is explained, the value of the expression is assigned to the field. The value and the field should have the compatible datatypes.
what is the use of declare keyword
WHEN or THEN Key Constraints Suppose a table has two columns representing a period of time throughout which the information conveyed by the other columns is recorded as having
This is a Customer Management project. Customer data is presented in a text file. The program will load this text data into its DB columns. The data mapping is user definable. User
Using a Join on 2 tables, select all columns and all rows from the tables without the use of a Cartesian product. Query: SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE1 JOIN CONTRACT ON EMPLOYEE
Name Resolution In potentially uncertain SQL statements, the names of the database columns take precedence over the names of the local variables and formal parameters. For e.g.
Example of GROUPBY Operator Example: How many students sat each exam, using GROUP BY, NATURAL LEFT JOIN, and COALESCE SELECT CourseId, COALESCE (n, 0) AS n FROM COURS
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Effect of Anonymous Columns Now, recall that a VALUES expression denotes a table with undefined column names. If an initial value is to be specified when a base table is creat
Transaction Control The Oracle is transaction oriented; that is, Oracle uses the transactions to make sure the data integrity. The transaction is a sequence of SQL data manip
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