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UTL_FILE:
The Package UTL_FILE permits your PL/SQL programs to read & write operating system (OS) text files. It gives a restricted version of the standard OS stream file I/O, involving the open, put, get, and close operations. When you desire to read or write a text file, you call the function fopen that returns a file handle for use in consequent procedure calls. For illustration, the procedure put_line writes a text string and line terminator to an open file. The procedure get_line reads a line of the text from an open file into an output buffer.
The PL/SQL file I/O is accessible on both the client and server sides. Though, on the server side, the file access is constrained to those directories explicitly listed in the accessible directories list that is stored in the Oracle initialization file.
UTL_HTTP:
The Package UTL_HTTP permits your PL/SQL programs to make hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) callouts. It can recover data from the Internet or call Oracle Web Server cartridges. The package has 2 entry points, each of that accepts a uniform resource locator (URL) string, links the specified site, and returns the requested data, that is usually in the hypertext markup language (HTML) format.
Ending Transactions A good quality programming practice is to commit or roll back every transaction explicitly. Whether you rollback or issue the commit in your PL/SQL program
Role of Abstraction in pl/sql: The abstraction is a high-level description or model of a real-world entity. The Abstractions keep our daily lives convenient. They help us ca
query to Find the account numbers of all customers whose balance is more than 10,000 $
Selecting Objects: Suppose that you have run the SQL*Plus script below that creates object type Person and object table persons, and that you have settled the table: CREATE
Number Types The Number types permit you to store the numeric data (real numbers, integers, and floating-point numbers), show quantities, and do computations. BINARY_INTEG
Using the Collection Methods The collection methods below help to generalize the code and make collections easier to use and also make your applications easier to maintain:
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE Statement The EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement prepare (parses) and instantly executes a dynamic SQL statement or an anonymous PL/SQL block. Syntax:
Data Types in SQL - Character CHARACTER or, synonymously, CHAR, for character strings. When this type is to be the declared type of something (e.g., a column), the permissible
Semidifference via NOT IN and a subquery SELECT StudentId FROM IS_CALLED WHERE Name = 'Devinder' AND StudentId NOT IN (SELECT StudentId FROM IS_ENROLLED_ON WHER
Avoid the NOT NULL Constraint In the PL/SQL, using the NOT NULL constraint incur a performance cost. Consider the illustration as shown below: PROCEDURE calc_m IS m NUMB
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