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UTL_FILE:
The Package UTL_FILE permits your PL/SQL programs to read & write operating system (OS) text files. It gives a restricted version of the standard OS stream file I/O, involving the open, put, get, and close operations. When you desire to read or write a text file, you call the function fopen that returns a file handle for use in consequent procedure calls. For illustration, the procedure put_line writes a text string and line terminator to an open file. The procedure get_line reads a line of the text from an open file into an output buffer.
The PL/SQL file I/O is accessible on both the client and server sides. Though, on the server side, the file access is constrained to those directories explicitly listed in the accessible directories list that is stored in the Oracle initialization file.
UTL_HTTP:
The Package UTL_HTTP permits your PL/SQL programs to make hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) callouts. It can recover data from the Internet or call Oracle Web Server cartridges. The package has 2 entry points, each of that accepts a uniform resource locator (URL) string, links the specified site, and returns the requested data, that is usually in the hypertext markup language (HTML) format.
Parameter and Keyword Description: cursor_variable_name: This identifies a cursor variable or the parameter formerly declared within the present scope. host_cursor_va
Packaging Cursors You can split a cursor specification from its body for placement in a package. In that way, you can change the cursor body without changing the cursor spec
Short-Circuit Evaluation When computing a logical expression, the PL/SQL uses short-circuit evaluation. That is, the PL/SQL stops computing the expression as soon as the result
Initializing Objects: Till you initialize an object by calling the constructor for its object type, the object is automatically null. That is, the object itself is null, not me
Manipulating Objects: You can use an object type in the CREATE TABLE statement to indicate the datatype of a column. When the table is created once, you can use the SQL statem
Parameter and Keyword Description: type_name: This identifies a user-defined type specifier that is used in the subsequent declarations of the objects. AUTHID Clause:
Define basic operators of relational algebra with an example each
DECLARE : This keyword signals the beginning of the declarative section of the PL/SQL block, that contains local declarations. The Items declared locally exist only within the
Name Resolution In potentially uncertain SQL statements, the names of the database columns take precedence over the names of the local variables and formal parameters. For e.g.
Using EXTEND To enlarge the size of a collection, use EXTEND. This process has 3 forms. The EXTEND appends one null element to a collection. And the EXTEND(n) appends n null e
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