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In a relation, tuples are not inserted in any definite order. Ordering of tuples is not defined as a part of a relation definition. Though, records may be structured later according to some attribute value in the storage systems. For instance, records in PERSON table may be structured according to PERSON_ID. Such organisation or data depends on the requirement of the underlying database application. Though, for the purpose of display we may get them displayed in the sorted order of age. The following table is sorted by age. It is also worth states here that relational model does not permit duplicate tuples
PERSON
PERSON_ID NAME AGE ADDRESS
2 Sharad Gupta 33 Pocket 2, Mayur Vihar.
1 Sanjay Prasad 35 b-4,Modi Nagar
3 Vibhu Datt 36 c-2, New Delhi
Super Keys, Candidate Keys and Primary Keys for the Relations
As discussed in the last section ordering of relations does not matter and all tuples in a relation are unique. Though, can we uniquely recognize a tuple in a relation? Let us talk about the concepts of keys that are primarily used for the purpose as above.
Use a Set operator to create a list of academics who have written or co-written less than 5 papers and also have greater than 3 interests. List their academic number in the output.
Define a view and a trigger. Construct a view for the above relations that have the information about suppliers and the elements they supply. The view holds the S#, SNAME, P# , PNA
Given the following set of functional dependencies {cf→ bg, g → d, cdg → f, b → de, d → c} defined on R(b,c,d,e,f,g) a. Is cf→ e implied by the FDs? b. Is dg a superkey?
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Define Aggregate functions and what aggregate functions supported by the MySQL To calculate a summary value from a set of individual values and uses one of the functions known
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Components of database manager The above functions are reached by the database manager. The major elements of a database manager are: Authorisation control: This mod
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