Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

How to changing the directory in dos, Q. How to Changing the Directory in D...

Q. How to Changing the Directory in DOS? You can change the directory. After changing the directory, the new directory becomes the default directory. For example, you change th

Rcr, how to rotate shift right

how to rotate shift right

Explain management information base variables, Explain MIB (Management Info...

Explain MIB (Management Information Base) variables. MIB is a set of named items which an SNMP agent knows. To control or monitor a remote computer, a manager should fetch or s

What is dialog box, This is a small window that is demanding your attention...

This is a small window that is demanding your attention. You must respond before you can carry on using the program that shown the dialog box. A dialog box does not have a minimize

What is a rendezvous point?, You insert rendezvous points into Vuser script...

You insert rendezvous points into Vuser scripts to imitate heavy user load on the server. Rendezvous points instruct Vusers to wait during test implementation for multiple Vusers t

Write short note on digital audio segments, Problem: a) Authoring tools...

Problem: a) Authoring tools consist of two basic features. First, an authoring facility for creating and editing, and second, a presentation vehicle for delivery. The authorin

Bresenham''s line drawing algorithm, what are advantages and disadvantages ...

what are advantages and disadvantages of bresenham''s line drawing algorithm?

Solution of multi-layer ann with sigmoid units, Solution of multi-layer ann...

Solution of multi-layer ann with sigmoid units: Assume here that we input the values 10, 30, 20 with the three input units and from top to bottom. So after then the weighted s

Characteristics of magnetic disk, Q. Characteristics of Magnetic disk? ...

Q. Characteristics of Magnetic disk? Tracks and Sectors: Disk is divided in concentric rings known as tracks. Thus a track is one complete rotation of disk underneath read/wr

Explain the message passing interface, Q. Explain the Message Passing Inter...

Q. Explain the Message Passing Interface? The Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a universal benchmark for providing communication among multiple simultaneous processes on a di

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd