Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

Determine frequency of a dtmf phone, In a DTMF phone a dialling of 8 genera...

In a DTMF phone a dialling of 8 generates (A) 1336 Hz- 770 Hz                      (B)  1209 Hz - 1477 Hz (C)  1209 Hz- 941 Hz                     (D)  1336 Hz-852 Hz

What is page-stealer process, What is Page-Stealer process? This is the...

What is Page-Stealer process? This is the Kernel process that makes rooms for the incoming pages, by swapping the memory pages that are not the part of the working set of a pro

What is rational administrator, Use the Rational Administrator to: * M...

Use the Rational Administrator to: * Make and manage projects. * Make a project under configuration management. * Make a project outside of configuration management.

Define diffrent aspects of a system, Q. Define diffrent aspects of a System...

Q. Define diffrent aspects of a System? The aspects of a System are as below: Organization implies order and structure. It is aprearrangement of components which helps t

Difference between narrative form and documentary form, Question: (a) E...

Question: (a) Explain clearly the difference between a Proposal and a Treatment for a video production project. (b) Explain clearly the difference between Narrative form an

Vector reduction instructions-vector processing, Vector reduction Instructi...

Vector reduction Instructions : When operations on vector are being deduced to scalar items as the result, then these are the vector reduction instructions. These instructions are

Differentiate between transport & session layer of osi model, Differentiate...

Differentiate between Transport and Session layers of OSI model. OSI Model Transport Layer The transport layer utilizes the services provided through the network layer, as

Determine the applications of recursion theorem, Applications of recursion ...

Applications of recursion theorem?  1.  ATM is undecidble.  2.  Fixed point theorem.  3. MINTM is not Turing recognisable

What is artificial intelligence fuzzy logic, Fuzzy logic is a form of vario...

Fuzzy logic is a form of various-valued logic; it deals with reasoning that is approximate rather than fixed & exact. In contrast with traditional logic theory, where binary sets h

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd