Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

How sensors uses in real time process control, How sensors uses in real tim...

How sensors uses in real time process control Sensors send data (through an analogue to digital converter - ADC) to a microprocessor or computer that decides whether or not to

Optimality - heuristic search strategies, Optimality - Heuristic search str...

Optimality - Heuristic search strategies: The path cost of a solution is considered as the sum of the costs of the actions that led to which solution is given. This is only on

By which companding helps in reducing signal, Companding helps in reducing ...

Companding helps in reducing with respect to signal:  (A) Interference                    (B) Signal overloading (C) Non linearity                 (D) Quantization noise

An example subroutine call, Create your own Subprogram that does *not* use ...

Create your own Subprogram that does *not* use any input parameters. You decide the theme. You should give the pseudocode and an example Subroutine call. Be sure to give an overvie

What is XML DTD (Document Type Definition), What is XML DTD (Document Type ...

What is XML DTD (Document Type Definition)? DTD is a document which defines legal building blocks of a particular XML document. This defines the document structure along with

Illustrate character coded data, Q. Illustrate Character Coded Data? Th...

Q. Illustrate Character Coded Data? The input output happens in the form of ASCII data. These ASCII characters are entered as a string of data. For illustration to get two numb

Intel architecture – 64, IA-64 (Intel Architecture-64) is a 64-bit processo...

IA-64 (Intel Architecture-64) is a 64-bit processor architecture created in cooperation by Hewlett-Packard and Intel applied by processors like Itanium. The objective of Itanium wa

Explain data warehousing, data warehousing Data warehouse means  ...

data warehousing Data warehouse means  Subject oriented Integrated Time variant Non-volatile collection of data for management's decisions. It is h

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd