Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

Explain the difference between ram and rom, RAM: Read / Write memory, High ...

RAM: Read / Write memory, High Speed, Volatile Memory. ROM: Read only memory, Low Speed, Non Voliate Memory.   RAM- Random Access memory it is a Volatile Memory.  volatil

How can common bus system be constructed, How can common bus system be cons...

How can common bus system be constructed A common bus system could be constructed using multiplexers. These multiplexers select source register whose binary information is then

Define register file, Define register file. All general purpose registe...

Define register file. All general purpose registers are combined into a one block called the register file.

Ecommerce concepts, Your task is to propose a business that has a Web ...

Your task is to propose a business that has a Web presence on the Internet. Your business may be an online only business or a so-called "clicks and mortar" business. You

Prototyping and incremental development, a) Write  the main differences amo...

a) Write  the main differences among prototyping and incremental development.    b) Explain the commonality and main differences among agile approach and RUP.

Serial port communication, The 68HC11F1 has two types of serial ports namel...

The 68HC11F1 has two types of serial ports namely asynchronous (SCI) and synchronous (SPI). The most common form of communication device used in control is the SCI as this provides

What are primary keys and foreign keys, What are primary keys and foreign k...

What are primary keys and foreign keys? Primary keys are the unique identifiers for every row. They must have unique values and cannot be null. Due to their significance in rel

Define a socket, Define a socket? An application program interface give...

Define a socket? An application program interface gives the details of how can an application program interacts along with protocol software. But socket API is a defacto standa

How can we create an outline around text, Place some text wherever. Then cl...

Place some text wherever. Then click "Create path from text" in the "Text tool option" window. Then use "Edit" -> "Stroke path" and choose the appropriate options in the following

Two ways of constructing a larger module to mount flash chip, What are the ...

What are the two ways of constructing a larger module to mount flash chips on a small card? The two ways are:- a) Flash cards b) Flash drivers.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd