Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

What is reification, What is reification? It is the promotion of someth...

What is reification? It is the promotion of something that is not an object into an object. Helpful method for Meta applications. It shifts the level of abstraction. Promote

Explain process of file transfer protocol, Q. Explain process of File Trans...

Q. Explain process of File Transfer Protocol? FTP (File Transfer Protocol), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on Internet. L

What do you mean by analysis and design, Analysis: Basically, it is the...

Analysis: Basically, it is the process of determining what requirement to be done before how it should be done. In order to accomplish this, the developer shows the existing sy

Addition of array elements using two processors, Q. Addition of array eleme...

Q. Addition of array elements using two processors? In this example we have to find sum of all elements of an array A of size n. We will divide n elements in 2 groups of roughl

Meaning of convergence regarding e-commerce, What does the term convergence...

What does the term convergence mean regarding E-commerce? Convergence regarding e-commerce: The capability to leverage and integrate the different data sources and proces

Define the system users, Q. Define the System users? System users are d...

Q. Define the System users? System users are defined as the people who employ information systems or who are affected by information system on a regular basis i.e. validating,

Specifying optimisation criteria of describe function, Specifying Optimisat...

Specifying Optimisation Criteria Specify values to be minimized, maximized or optimized. You can understand it as way you normalize data in database. For instance, you should

Explain bootp (boot strap protocol), Explain BOOTP (Boot Strap Protocol). ...

Explain BOOTP (Boot Strap Protocol). TCP or IP designer observed that several of the configuration steps could be combined in a single step if a server was capable to supply mo

Explain instruction stream and data stream, Instruction Stream and Data Str...

Instruction Stream and Data Stream The term 'stream' indicates to a series or flow of either instructions or data operated on by computer. In the entire cycle of instruction ex

Defines a macro, Defines a macro Defines a macro with the given name, h...

Defines a macro Defines a macro with the given name, having as its value the given replacement text. After that (for the rest of the current source file), wherever the preproce

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd