Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

How to reduce total amount of disk space in ftp, Q. How to reduce total amo...

Q. How to reduce total amount of disk space in FTP? FTP service compress files to reduce total amount of disk space the files require. Before transferring a file user should te

What are the different types of bios, The  most common types are the AWARD,...

The  most common types are the AWARD,AMI, AND phoenix

Explain data rates in public switched telephone network, Explain data rates...

Explain data rates in public switched telephone network. Data rates in PSTNs : A voice channel in a public switched telephone network is band restricted with a nominal bandwid

Disadvantages of mpi, Disadvantages of MPI  Performance is restric...

Disadvantages of MPI  Performance is restricted by communication network between the nodes It can be harder to debug Needs more programming changes to go from seri

Data type, Define data type and abstract data type comment upon the signifi...

Define data type and abstract data type comment upon the significant of both

Determine the features of keyboards, Determine the features of keyboards ...

Determine the features of keyboards Common features on general-purpose keyboards are cursor-control keys. Functions keys are used to enter frequently used operations in a singl

Sun and nis law, Q. What is Sun and Nis Law? The Sun and Ni's Law is a ...

Q. What is Sun and Nis Law? The Sun and Ni's Law is a simplification of Amdahl's Law and Gustafson's Law. The basic concept underlying Sun and Ni's Law is to find solution to a

Micro programmed control and hardwired control, Explain micro programmed co...

Explain micro programmed control. Ans: A micro programmed control unit is made around storage till is called a control store where all the control signals are stored in a prog

Design a BCD to excess 3 code converter using NAND gates, Design a BCD to e...

Design a BCD to excess 3 code converter using minimum number of NAND gates. Hint: use k map techniques. Ans. Firstly we make the truth table: BCD no

How do you turn off cookies for one page in your site, How do you turn off ...

How do you turn off cookies for one page in your site?  Use the Cookie. Abandon Property which Gets or sets the discard flag set by the server. When true, this property instruc

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd