Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

Program size for different instruction set approaches, Q. Program size for ...

Q. Program size for different Instruction Set Approaches? Assumptions: Complex Instruction is: Add C, A, B having 16 bit addresses and 8 bit data operands All opera

Assembly Language program, How to get an output: Please enter a number betw...

How to get an output: Please enter a number between 0 and 6 (Enter to stop): 2 The Day of Week is Tuesday Please enter a number between 0 and 6 (Enter to stop): 9 Input Invalid Ple

Explain about truth table and logic diagram, Q. Explain about truth table a...

Q. Explain about truth table and logic diagram? A Boolean function can be realized in a logic circuit employing the basic gates: - AND, OR & NOT. Concern here for illustration

Sorting circuit along with odd-even merging circuit, Q. Sorting Circuit alo...

Q. Sorting Circuit along with Odd-Even Merging Circuit? The merge sort algorithm needs two circuits which imply that one circuit for merging and another circuit for sorting the

Define print resolution of printers, Q. Define Print Resolution of printers...

Q. Define Print Resolution of printers? Print Resolution is the detail which a printer can give considered by how many dots a printer can put in each inch of paper.  So the uni

Find minimum number of resource so that no deadlock arise, An operating sys...

An operating system contains 3 user processes each requiring 2 units of resource R. The minimum number of units of R such that no deadlocks will ever arise is? Ans. The minimum

Why is translation look-aside buffers important, Why is Translation Look-as...

Why is Translation Look-aside Buffers (TLBs) important? The implementation of page-table is completed in the following manner: Page table is maintained in main memory.

Why SS7 protocol is use, SS7 Protocol uses: (A) Out of band signalling...

SS7 Protocol uses: (A) Out of band signalling. (B) Associated signalling. (C) Speech control signalling. (D) No signalling. Ans: SS7 Protocol uses Out of

Determine the benefits of mainframe computers, Determine the benefits of ma...

Determine the benefits of mainframe computers Government agencies, large businesses, and universities usually use this type of computer. So: This computer is common t

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd