Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

Flynns categorization, Flynn's Categorization Flynn's Categorization is...

Flynn's Categorization Flynn's Categorization is based on multiplicity of data streams and instruction streams observed by CPU at the time of program execution. Let I s and D

What is a single stage network, In a single stage network: (A) ...

In a single stage network: (A)  There is no redundancy (B)  There is redundancy (C)  Alternative cross points are available (D)  Alt

Ann representation, ANN Representation: Mostly 'ANNs' are taught on "A...

ANN Representation: Mostly 'ANNs' are taught on "AI" courses since their motivation from brain studies and the fact which they are used in an "AI" task and namely machine lear

What is a union, What is a union ? A union, like a structure, is a derive...

What is a union ? A union, like a structure, is a derived type. Unions follow the same syntax as structures but have members that share storage. A union type defines a set of alt

Modular programming, Modular programming denotes to the practice of writing...

Modular programming denotes to the practice of writing a program as a sequence of independently assembled source files. Every source file is a modular program intended to be assemb

What is wmfc, What is WMFC? WMFC if the control signals that causes the...

What is WMFC? WMFC if the control signals that causes the processor's control circuitry to wait for the arrival of the MFC signal.

Define interrupt processing, Q. Define Interrupt Processing? On complet...

Q. Define Interrupt Processing? On completion of execution of an instruction machine checks whether there is any pending interrupt request for interrupts which are enabled. If

Automatic stock control system in a supermarket, Automatic Stock Control Sy...

Automatic Stock Control System in a Supermarket -  Bar codes are associated to all goods/items sold by the supermarket as a means of identification -  Every bar code is asso

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd