Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

Define the bandwidth of a monitor, Q. Define the Bandwidth of a monitor? ...

Q. Define the Bandwidth of a monitor? Bandwidth is the amount of signal the monitor can handle and it is rated in MHz .This is the most usually quoted specification of a monito

Define memory allocation scheme in ''external'' fragmentation, The memory a...

The memory allocation scheme subject to “external” fragmentation is? Segmentation is the memory allocation scheme subject to “external” fragmentation.

Define bus, Define bus A group of lines that serves as a connecting pat...

Define bus A group of lines that serves as a connecting path for various devices is known as a bus.

Design a bcd to seven segment decoder, Design a BCD to seven segment decode...

Design a BCD to seven segment decoder that accepts a decimal digit in BCS and generates the appropriate output for segments in display indicator. Ans: BCD-TO-seven-Segment

What is a client in sap terminology, What is a client in SAP terminology? ...

What is a client in SAP terminology? A S/W component that uses the service (offered by a s/w component) is known as a Client.  At the similar time these clients may also be ser

Explain the following the address instruction, Explain the following the ad...

Explain the following the address instruction?  Three-address instruction-it can be represented as add a,b,c Two-address instruction-it can be shown as Add a,b

De morgan''s laws - artificial intelligence, De Morgan's Laws Continuin...

De Morgan's Laws Continuing with the relationship between  ∧  and  ∨ , we can also use De Morgan's Law to rearrange sentences involving negation in conjunction with these conne

States the term ip addresses, States the term IP addresses? IP address ...

States the term IP addresses? IP address considers to the name of a computer onto a network, as the Internet. a. An Identifier for a device or computer onto a TCP/IP network

What is meaning of term byte stuffing, The term byte stuffing refers to: ...

The term byte stuffing refers to: The term byte stuffing consider as to data stuffing used along with character -oriented hardware.

Which datatype cannot be used to define parameters, Which datatype cannot b...

Which datatype cannot be used to define parameters. Type F datatype is not used to explain parameters.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd