Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

When is a memory unit called as ram, When is a memory unit called as RAM? ...

When is a memory unit called as RAM? A memory unit is called as RAM if any location can be accessed for a read or writes operation in some fixed quantity of time that is indepe

History of e-commerce, In 1960: The purpose of e-commerce was to exchange t...

In 1960: The purpose of e-commerce was to exchange the electronic data. In 1970s: Electronic Fund Transfers or EFT was developed which considered as huge impact in the emerging

Define multi programming, Define multi programming? Many operating syst...

Define multi programming? Many operating systems are designed to enable the cpu to process a number of independent programs concurrently. This concept is  known as multi progra

Explain isdn addressing with a example, Explain ISDN Addressing with a exam...

Explain ISDN Addressing with a example. A sub address, though a part of the ISDN address, is not seems as an integral part of the numbering scheme. Sub-address is carried in a

Types of consumer oriented applications of e-commerce, What are the types o...

What are the types of consumer oriented applications of E-commerce? Four types of Consumer Oriented applications within E-Commerce are as given below: 1. B2C (business-to-c

Define b2b - business to business, B2B - Business to Business  It is a...

B2B - Business to Business  It is a mode of conducting business among two or more companies over the Internet, rather than more traditional modes like as telephone, mail, and f

Risk detection, what is meant by risk detection in software project managem...

what is meant by risk detection in software project management

Define miss penalty, Define miss penalty? The extra time required to br...

Define miss penalty? The extra time required to bring the desired information into the cache is known as miss penalty.

What is turnaround time, What is turnaround time? Turnaround time is th...

What is turnaround time? Turnaround time is the interval from the time of submission to the time of completion of a process. It is the sum of the periods spent waiting to get i

Program level, Program Level This is usually the dependability of the o...

Program Level This is usually the dependability of the operating system, which runs processes simultaneously. Different programs are evidently independent of each other. So par

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd