Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

Define a technique of temporarily removing inactive program, is a technique...

is a technique of temporarily removing inactive programs from the memory of computer system? Swapping is a technique of temporarily eliminating inactive programs from the memor

Why are interrupt masks provided in any processor, Why are interrupt masks ...

Why are interrupt masks provided in any processor? Interrupt mask enable the higher priority devices comes first and there for lower priority devices comes last. The interrupt

Entropy - learning decision trees, Entropy - learning decision trees: ...

Entropy - learning decision trees: Through putting together a decision of tree is all a matter of choosing that attribute to test at each node in the tree. Further we shall de

Assignment, zero, one, two three address instructions

zero, one, two three address instructions

Object oriented systems analysis and design, Analysis and design form the b...

Analysis and design form the basis on any significant software artifact. Analysis is critical in terms of making sure that the final artifact actually meets user requirements (ie b

What is the significance of the memory table ''screen'', What is the signif...

What is the significance of the memory table 'SCREEN'? At runtime, attributes for every screen field are stored in the memory table called 'SCREEN'.  We need not declare this

Standards used for development of a system, Q. Standards used for developme...

Q. Standards used for development of a system? Documentation standards: It must be an ongoing activity at the time of system development life cycle.  Quality Standards:

why doesn''t c have nested functions, It's not trivial to execute nested f...

It's not trivial to execute nested functions such that they have the proper access to local variables in the having function(s), so they were deliberately left out of C as a simpli

Engineering applications, Engineering Applications A few of the enginee...

Engineering Applications A few of the engineering applications are: Airflow circulation over aircraft machinery, Simulations of simulated ecosystems. Airflow c

What are the different phases of consumer mercantile model, What are the di...

What are the different phases of consumer mercantile model? There are three different phase of consumer mercantile model like listed as in below: • Pre-purchase interaction

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd