Operation of micro controller, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Consider the hardware design as shown. Within the target system the EPROM would contain the hex data as shown below

  Address  Assembly code
  8000             86
  8001             fe
  8002             8b
  8003             01
.  .........
  FFFE             80
  FFFF             00
 
On power on the microprocessor issues a reset which causes the processor to go into an interrupt mode, because the interrupt is a reset, the microprocessor reads the two top bytes from memory i.e fffe and ffff. These are called the initial program counter RESET vectors. In this case the processor would then load in the 16 bit address 8000 and load this directly into the program counter (PC). This causes the processor to jump to address 8000 and start the actual program. The processor then reads the next byte from address 8000; this is 86 Hex and translates it to a load A instruction with immediate data where the data follows in the next byte. The PC is incremented by 1 i.e 8001 and fe in read in . This takes two cycles and termed the 'Fetch cycle'. The next stage is the microprocessor to perform the instruction i.e. transfer the data fe into A, this is termed the 'Execution cycle'. The whole cycle starts again, i.e. the PC is incremented to 8002 and the command 8b (ADDA) is fetched and interpreted as a ADDA, the PC in incremented to 8003 and the data is read in i.e. 1. The command is then executed and the next instruction read in at 8004 and so on. A day in the life of the micro controller is one of fetching and executing. The initial data in the EPROM at address fffe, ffff is termed the reset vector and is an reserved area of memory for the programmers (us) to place vector address i.e. start address of programs to deal with exceptions i.e.  Clock Fail, IRQ, Timer output, Serial communications etc.

The full vector table is shown  .Although we have not actually used the stack, the emulator which we use to debug hardware/software programs uses a small part of it , therefore it is important that we initialise the stack , therefore the full program for adding two numbers is shown below

                   Name     add
                   P6811
                  org $8000    ; Start address of program   
  main:       Lds #$1ff     ; Set SP to top of internal Ram
                 Ldaa  #$fe   
                 adda  #$1   
 loop0:      jmp loop0       ; loop forever
                 org $fffe
                 FDB main    ;Reset vectors
                END
The bold sections are termed assembler directives and are used to control the assembler; the simplest ones are ORG which stands for origin, i.e. start code at this address  , the P6811 indicates 68HC11 processor and END which tells the assembler to stop. FDB informs the assembler to insert a double byte i.e. 16 bits of the address labelled main i.e. 8000.


Related Discussions:- Operation of micro controller

How to working in dreamweaver, Q. How to Working in Dreamweaver? Let's ...

Q. How to Working in Dreamweaver? Let's now start our journey into the realm of Dreamweaver. We begin with typing in a few test lines in Design view. See that how our work area

Design a xnor gate and define its work, N number of XNOR gates is linked in...

N number of XNOR gates is linked in series that is the N inputs (A0, A1, A2......) are specified in the subsequently way: A0 and A1 to first XNOR gate and A2 and O/P of First XNOR

What is hybrid olap, When a database developer uses Hybrid OLAP it seperate...

When a database developer uses Hybrid OLAP it seperates the data among relational and specialized storage. In some certain modifications a HOLAP database may store vast amounts of

What is the semiconductor memory chip, What is the Semiconductor memory chi...

What is the Semiconductor memory chip A semiconductor memory chip comprises a large number of cells organized into an array and the logic necessary to access any array in the c

Minimum total number of shelv, Write a program that finds the minimum total...

Write a program that finds the minimum total number of shelv, C/C++ Programming

What is immediate addressing, What is Immediate addressing The  data  i...

What is Immediate addressing The  data  itself,  beside  the address,  is  given  as  the  operand or operands  of  the instruction.

Illustrate about fifth generation electronic computers, Fifth Generation (1...

Fifth Generation (1984-1990) The advancement of the next generation of computer systems is characterized majorly by the acceptance of parallel processing.  Until this time para

Define memory allocation functions, The various memory allocation functions...

The various memory allocation functions are described below: (i) malloc( ) : It is a memory allocation function that assigns requested size of bytes and returns a pointer to t

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd