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The term Operating System (OS) is often misused. It is common, for example, for people to speak of an OS when they are in fact referring to an OS and to a set of additional applications (e.g. on Windows, Notepad, Windows Explorer, etc). The traditional view of the area, however, de?nes an OS in a different way. The OS can be seen as the layer and interface that stands between the user-level applications and the hardware. Its main goal is to hide the complexity of the hardware from the applications. The important concept here is abstraction: an OS abstracts architectural details, giving programs the illusion of existing in a "homogeneous" environment. The OS effectively makes programs believe that they live in a reliable machine with large amounts of memory, a dedicated processor, and so on. It is also the OS's function to manage the computer's resources (e.g. the OS decides which process to runs when, for how long, etc).
What are turnaround time and response time? Turnaround time is the interval among the submission of a job and its completion. Response time is the interval among submission
advantages and disadvantages
Suppose we want to program a Web server; we could easily do so without using concurrency, as follows: while(true) wait connection read from socket and parse url look up url cont
What are two differences among user-level threads and kernel-level threads? Under what circumstances is one type better than the other? (1) User-level threads are unknown by th
Dynamic scheduling : The number of thread in a program may be changed during the course of operation. Dynamic priority scheduling is a kind of scheduling algorithm in which the pr
Explain the OS/2 Operating System Like NetWare, OS/2 manage resources at three levels, as shown in Figure 4.5 Resources may be maintained at the session, process, and thread le
A- In a table format, compare between Programmed I/O, Interrupt -driven I/O, and Direct Memory Access (DMA) in terms of basic idea, Advantages, disadvantages, and the operating en
Applications allocate memory in terms of the number of bytes that they need, but this level of granularity is too ?ne-grained for the operating system to manage the system memory i
What is the information associated with an open file? Various pieces of information are associated with an open file which may be: File pointer Disk location of th
linked allocation using i node
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