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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL TABLES: The type of table which has been considered above is known as one-dimensional table. Whenever a table is such that each of its elements in turn is a
THE SIMPLE SORT VERB: The process of sequencing the records in some preferred manner is termed as sorting. The Sorting is done upon some key data item in the record. For illus
ADD and SUBTRACT CORRESPONDING: The CORRESPONDING option can also used with the ADD and SUBTRACT verbs. The following are some of the formats of these verbs with the CORRESPON
RULES FOR SEARCH VERB: The rules apply for the SEARCH verb is as shown below: (1) The SEARCH verb can be applied only to a table that has the OCCURS clause and INDEXED phra
PERFORM WITH UNTIL OPTION: The format is as shown below: Illustration: A) Perform p-3 until i > 5. Here p-3 will be executed whenever i B) Perform p-2 thru
Illustration of Perform with varying option: A) Perform para-3 varying the k from 1 by 1 until k > 10. Here para-3 will be constantly executed 10 times (For k=1,2,3, .....1
PROGRAM TO DEMONSTRATE MERGE VERB: The two files for which a record having 2 fields viz. Account Number and Name are already available. Now Merge these two files and create a
SEQUENTIAL FILES WITH THE VARIABLE-LENGTH RECORDS: The Magnetic - tape or disk files can hold variable-length records. In this situation the file can have records with various
Data Names and Identifiers: The Data name provides reference to the storage space in the memory where the real value is stored. This value takes part in the operation whene
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