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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
Occurs Clause: Let us establish tables with the help of an illustration. Assume that there are ten different types of income-tax rates that are read from some input medium and
Record Description for the Variable-length Records: When the variable- length records consists of records of various lengths, each record type is to be explained at level 01 f
READ STATEMENT: The aim of this verb is to make available the next logical record from the input file. It is important to note the meaning of the "next" logical record in the
Character Set: To study any language, first one should know the alphabets of the language and they are termed as character set in general. There are 50 different characters in
Example of Open statement: Illustration: The OPEN INPUT TRANSACTION, OLD-MASTER OUTPUT NEW-MASTER. The illustration represents that there are two input files named the
RENAMES CLAUSE: At times re-grouping of an elementary data items in a record may be essential so that they can belong to the original as well as to the latest group. This is o
Currency Sign - edit characters for numeric data: $ (Currency Sign): The single currency sign can appear at the leftmost place of a picture. In that situation the $ cha
FD Entry for variable-length Records: The RECORDS CONTAINS and BLOCK CONTAINS clause are quite dissimilar in the case of files with variable- length records. The syntax of the
PROGRAM FOR PERFORM ...UNTIL We have to write a program to find the sum of "n" natural numbers. Identification division. Program- id. PerfUntil. Environment division.
Valid and Invalid Word - Cobol words: Valid Word Invalid Word & Reason emp-sal -pay ( it starts with a hyphen) TOTAL MARK (blank space em
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