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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
DECLARATIVE and FILE STATUS Clause: The input-output exception condition in the situation of a direct access files can be handled by a declarative procedure in a manner simila
Illustration of the abbreviation: A few illustration of the abbreviation are given below: Illustration: The compound condition AMOUNT GREATER THAN 499 AND AMOUNT L
Comparison of the Numeric Operand with Nonnumeric Operand: The numeric operand can be compared to the nonnumeric operand subject to the restrictions which are as follows.
Evaluate is like a case statement & Evaluate stamenet can be used to replace nested Ifs. The difference b/w EVALUATE and case is that there is no 'break' is required for EVALUATE
UPDATING OF THE RELATIVE AND INDEXED FILES: The Sequential files are updated by creating a new master file from an existing old master file and a transaction file. Such an Upda
Direct Organization: Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organizati
PROGRAM FOR INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION: We have to write a program to create an Indexed Sequential File in a dynamic mode for Student particulars. Suppose just 3 fields:
NEGATED SIMPLE CONDITION: Any of the easy condition explained can be preceded by the logical operator NOT. The consequence of placing the operator NOT before an easy condition
Data Division: The Data Division is a part of the COBOL program where every data item processed by the program is described. It is very important to note that unless a data
PROGRAM FOR ADD VERB: We have to write a simple program to elaborate the ADD verb. You can also use edit characters in the program. Identification division. Program- id.
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