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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
SPECIAL-NAMES: This paragraph is used to associate some hardware names to the user-specified mnemonic names. This paragraph is elective in all compilers. The format of this pa
Record Description for the Variable-length Records: When the variable- length records consists of records of various lengths, each record type is to be explained at level 01 f
INDEXED TABLES: The OCCURS clause that is used to define tables can optionally have an INDEXED phrase. This phrase involves the names of data items which are to be used as sub
BLANK WHEN ZERO: BLANK WHEN ZERO is an editing clause that may be used along with a picture. This will set the whole data item to blanks of its value is equal to zero. Though,
Edit Characters for Numeric Data: The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing. Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
PROGRAM FOR INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION: We have to write a program to create an Indexed Sequential File in a dynamic mode for Student particulars. Suppose just 3 fields:
Example of Redefines clause: This illustration describes a sales record that may either contain the total amount of sale or the quantity (QTY) and UNIT-PRICE. The aim of such
Illustration of simple sort verb: Illustration: Suppose that we have a card file with the following records description in the data division. The names of the work fil
START STATEMENT: The START statement places the files to the initial logical record whose record key satisfies the condition specified by the KEY phrase. The access mode shoul
Non numeric: The nonnumeric literal is used in normal to output messages or headings. The Characters which are enclosed between " " constitute nonnumeric literal. The maximum
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