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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
Rules for apply for the condition name: The rules below apply for the condition name. (i) The Condition names should be explained at level 88. The level number starts in ma
COMPUTE VERB: The COMPUTE verb is very powerful. All the evaluations performed by the other 4 verbs can also be completed easily by using the COMPUTE verb. Its normal format i
Example of constructing an arithmetic expression: An arithmetic expression may be proceeded by a + or - sign. These operations are known as unary + or unary - operators. Il
Example of Write statement: Illustration: (i) WRITE TRANS-RECORD AFTER ADVANCING 3 LINES. This WRITE statement specified that the TRANS-RECORD is a record name of a fi
Label Records / Disk Directory: The most important information stored in the header label is what is termed as the file title. In the situation of magnetic-disk files the labe
DELETE STATEMENT: The format of the delete statement is as shown below: DELETE file-name RECORD [ ; INVALID KEY imperative-statement ] Whenever the ACCESS MOD
What is the difference b/w index and subscript? Subscript indicates to the array occurrence whereas index is the displacement (in no of bytes) from the beginning of the array.
REDEFINES CLAUSE: At times it may be found that two or more storage regions defined in the DATA DIVISION are not in use concurrently. In such situations only one storage regio
BLOCK CONTAINS CLAUSE: Integer -1 of the BLOCK CONTAINS clause indicates the block size either in terms of records or in terms of characters. For illustration, BLOCK CONTAINS
Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,
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