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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
Example of Sign condition: The illustration below describes the use of the sign condition. Illustration: 77 BALANCE PIC S9 (6) V99. . . I
WRITE STATEMENT: The WRITE Statement verb releases a record in an output file. The syntax for the WRITE statement can be unlike depending on the output device and the medium us
NONSTANDARD CLAUSES: The various clauses explained above are as per the ANSI standard. Also, most compilers provide for additional nonstandard clauses to meet the specific nec
PROGRAM FOR MULTIPLY VERB: We have to write a simple program to elaborate MULTIPLY verb. You can also use the edit characters in the program. Identification division. Pr
IF ... ELSE STATEMENT: We are familiar with an easy form of the IF statement. The common form of the IF statement is as shown below: Each of the statement-1 and statem
Data types available in COBOL are given below Alpha-numeric (X), numeric (9), alphabetic (A)
File volatility: File volatility associates to the number of times the updating of records are needed during some time period. File interrogation: Some files hold re
Illustration of if- else statement: IF OK-BALANCE NEXT SENTENCE ELSE MOVE 2 BALANCE-CODE In this illustration, the OK-BALANCE is a condition name. No action is specific if
LABEL RECORD CLAUSE: This clause specifies whether or not the standard header and trailer labels must be present in the magnetic-tape files. VALUE OF CLAUSE: The VAL
FILE-CONTROL paragraph for the relative files: The normal format for the SELECT clause for a relative file is as shown below. SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO implementor-nam
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