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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
Floating Insertion The currency symbol ($) can emerge in multiples on the left-hand side of the picture. In this situation the character will be treated in similar way as t
PROGRAM FOR INVENTORY We have to write a program to update the inventory file. Consider 2 files,viz, invfile an tranfile. Invfile has 3 fields pno,name,qty. Tranfile has 3 fil
Example of Perform statement: PERFORM BEGIN-CALCULATION THRU END-CALCULATION. Assume, BEGIN-CALCULATION and END-CALCULTION is paragraph names. The execution of the PERFORM
Picture Clause: The picture clause explains the general characteristics of an elementary data item. These characteristics are elaborated below: Class: In COBOL the
IF ... ELSE STATEMENT: We are familiar with an easy form of the IF statement. The common form of the IF statement is as shown below: Each of the statement-1 and statem
Environment Division: The Environment Division is the second division in the COBOL source program. It is mainly machine-dependent . The computer and all the peripheral dev
Direct Organization: Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organizati
File- Section &Working-Storage Section: a) FILE SECTION: The FILE SECTION includes the explanation of all data items that must be read from or written onto some external
WRITE Statement: The WRITE statement for a relative file has the format which is as shown below. WRITE record-name [ FORM identifier ]
Format for COBOL Programs: The COBOL is a high-level language. Therefore, a COBOL program can be executed on a computer for which a COBOL compiler exists. The compiler transla
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