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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
BLOCK CONTAINS CLAUSE: Integer -1 of the BLOCK CONTAINS clause indicates the block size either in terms of records or in terms of characters. For illustration, BLOCK CONTAINS
Literals: The actual values can too appear in a program. These values are termed as literals. For illustration, the statement MOVE 0 TO TOTAL indicates that the value zero wil
File volatility: File volatility associates to the number of times the updating of records are needed during some time period. File interrogation: Some files hold re
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
Examples - Edit characters for numeric data: The following illustration illustrates the use of Z editing characters. The character b is used to indicate the space character an
PROGRAM FOR PERFORM - THRU: We have to write a program to elaborate PERFORM ...THRU statement Identification division. Program- id. Perfthru. Environment division.
INPUT AND OUTPUT PROCEDURE IN SORT STATEMENT: The common format of the SORT statement can write as shown below: The format of the RELEASE statement is as shown be
FILE UPDATION: The method of modifying an old file with present information is termed as file updating. Master file: A master file is a file which is used as an author
program
PERFORM STATEMENT: The PERFORM statement can be used to execute the group of consecutive statements written elsewhere in the program. We refer to this group of statements a
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