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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
ROUNDED OPTION: Let us consider the DATA DIVISION entries which are as shown below: Now, subsequent to the execution of the statement ADD A B GIVING C, the C will hold
Example of Open statement: Illustration: The OPEN INPUT TRANSACTION, OLD-MASTER OUTPUT NEW-MASTER. The illustration represents that there are two input files named the
Picture Clause: The picture clause explains the general characteristics of an elementary data item. These characteristics are elaborated below: Class: In COBOL the
Data types available in COBOL are given below Alpha-numeric (X), numeric (9), alphabetic (A)
PROGRAM FOR SCREEN SECTION WITH FILES: identification division. program- id. environment division. input-output section. file-control. select
Column and Field in COBOL program: In COBOL there are 2 types of entries termed as margin A and margin B entries. The Margin A entries start from the column 8, 9, 10 or 11 and
Size: The number of characters or digits needed to store the data item in the memory in termed as the Size of the data item. All the 4 general characteristics explained can
Example of Nested if statement: Illustration: Consider the following sentence The nested IF sentence holds two IFs and one ELSE. The IF-ELSE couple has been marke
LEVEL NUMBERS: The COBOL makes use of the level number concept to explain the hierarchical data structure. A level number is a 2 digit number. The permitted level numbers a
Example of Write statement: Illustration: (i) WRITE TRANS-RECORD AFTER ADVANCING 3 LINES. This WRITE statement specified that the TRANS-RECORD is a record name of a fi
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