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OPEN STATEMENT:
Whenever a READ or a WRITE operation is executed on a file, then it should be open. The opening of a file may be completed with the help of the OPEN verb. With the OPEN verb it should be also indicated whether the file must be opened as an input file or output file. If it is an input file, only the reading is possible, while in the case of an output file, only writing is possible. The file once opened remains open until it is closed by the CLOSE statement. The OPEN statement in its easiest form is as shown below:
INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILES: In the indexed sequential files which are also known as indexed files, the records are stored in the sequence order generally in ascending order. In
single program how may when statement has used
Illustration of nested if statement: Consider the nested sentence which is as shown below: The IF-ELSE pairs in this sentence can be detected by applying the rule whic
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
Example of condition names: The illustration below is of the use of the condition names 77 MARITAL-STATUS PIC 9 88 SINGLE VALUE IS ZERO 88 MA
NONSTANDARD CLAUSES: The various clauses explained above are as per the ANSI standard. Also, most compilers provide for additional nonstandard clauses to meet the specific nec
FILE-CONTROL: The FILE-CONTROL paragraph names each and every file and identifies the first medium through file control entries. The basic format of a file control entry is gi
calculate simple interest
Selection of file Organization: While designing a file, the programmer should select an appropriate association for a file. The order in which the choice is to be made is as s
File Description for the Relative and Indexed Files: The FD entry for a relative or an indexed file is similar to that of a sequential file. Some compilers do not permit varia
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