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Object Types
An object type is a user-defined complex datatype which encapsulates the data structure along with the functions and procedures required to manipulate the data. The variables which form the data structure are known as the attributes. The procedures and functions which characterize the behavior of the object type are known as the methods.
Presently, you cannot define object types within the PL/SQL. They should be CREATED and stored in an Oracle database, where they can be shared by various programs.
When you define an object type (in the SQL*Plus for illustration) using the CREATE TYPE statement, you can create an abstract template for various real-world object. The templates specify only those attributes and behaviors the object will require in the application atmosphere.
The data structure formed by the set of attributes is public. Though, well-behaved programs do not manipulate it directly. Rather than, they use the set of methods provided. In that way, the data is kept in an appropriate state. At the run time, when the data structure is filled with values, you have formed an instance of an object type. You can create as numerous instances (typically known as objects) as you require.
Syntax:
Error Handling The PL/SQL makes it easy to detect and process the predefined and user-defined error conditions known as exceptions. Whenever an error occurs, an exception is ra
Overriding Default Locking By default, the Oracle locks the data structures for you automatically. Though, you can request exact data locks on rows or tables when it is to you
Using Pragma RESTRICT_REFERENCES: The function called from the SQL statements should obey certain rules meant to control the side effects. To check for violation of the rules,
CLOSE Statement The CLOSE statement allows the resources held by a cursor variable or open cursor to be reused. No more rows can be fetched from the cursor variable or closed
Special cases of projection This section describes the identity projection, r {ALL BUT}, and the projection on no attributes, r { }, which yields TABLE_DUM when r is empty, ot
Positional Notation The first procedure call uses the positional notation. The PL/SQL compiler relates the first actual parameter, account, with the first proper parameter, ac
Use Native Dynamic SQL A few programs (a normal-purpose report writer for illustration) should build and process a variety of SQL statements at run time. Therefore, their full
Committing and Rolling Back The COMMIT and ROLLBACK end the active autonomous transaction but do not exit the autonomous routine. As the figure shows, if one transaction ends,
Calling Constructors: The Calls to a constructor are allowed wherever the function calls are allowed. Similarly to the functions, a constructor is called as a section of an ex
IN Mode An IN parameter pass the values to the subprogram being called. Within the subprogram, an IN parameter acts like a constant. And hence, it cannot be assigned a value.
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