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Object Types
An object type is a user-defined complex datatype which encapsulates the data structure along with the functions and procedures required to manipulate the data. The variables which form the data structure are known as the attributes. The procedures and functions which characterize the behavior of the object type are known as the methods.
Presently, you cannot define object types within the PL/SQL. They should be CREATED and stored in an Oracle database, where they can be shared by various programs.
When you define an object type (in the SQL*Plus for illustration) using the CREATE TYPE statement, you can create an abstract template for various real-world object. The templates specify only those attributes and behaviors the object will require in the application atmosphere.
The data structure formed by the set of attributes is public. Though, well-behaved programs do not manipulate it directly. Rather than, they use the set of methods provided. In that way, the data is kept in an appropriate state. At the run time, when the data structure is filled with values, you have formed an instance of an object type. You can create as numerous instances (typically known as objects) as you require.
Syntax:
Keyword &Parameter Description: index_name: This is an undeclared identifier which can be referenced only within the FORALL statement and only as the collection subscript
Map and Order Methods: The values of the scalar datatype like CHAR or REAL have a predefined order that allows them to be compared. While, the instances of an object type has
Anatomy of a Command Figure, showing a simple SQL command, is almost identical to its counterpart in the theory book. The only difference arises from the fact that SQL uses a
Forward Declarations The PL/SQL needs that you declare an identifier before using it. And hence, you should declare a subprogram before calling it. For illustration, the decla
Example of Foreign Key Constraint Example: Alternative formulation for 6.3 as a foreign key constraint ALTER TABLE EXAM_MARK ADD CONSTRAINT Must_be_enrolled_to_take_exam
Parameter and Keyword Description: package_name: This construct identifies the package. AUTHID Clause: This determine whether all the packaged subprograms impleme
Aggregate Assignment The %ROWTYPE declaration cannot include an initialization clause. Though, there are two ways to assign values to all fields in a record at once. At First, t
UTL_FILE: The Package UTL_FILE permits your PL/SQL programs to read & write operating system (OS) text files. It gives a restricted version of the standard OS stream file I/O,
Query: SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE1; Select 5 columns and all rows from one table Query: SELECT C_ID, COMPANY, BUILDING, DEPARTMENT, BRANCH FROM CONTRACT;
Parameter and Keyword Description: record_type_name: This identifies the user-defined type specifier that is used in the subsequent declarations of the records. NOT N
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