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Nuclear transfer method: Nuclear transfer will extend the range of species in which gene targeting will be possible and thereby provide better models to test treatments for human diseases. The production of Dolly followed by subsequent confirmation in cow and mice successfully established a cloning technology, which have opened the new horizons of application of nuclear transfer technique in production of transgenic animals. Current available technique of pronuclear microinjection of a DNA expression cassette is inefficient and expression levels are unpredictable. Nuclear transfer (cloning) offers an appealing alternative. Hence, one could perform gene targeting in cell lines that is able to donate its nuclei to recipient oocytes. This would allow selection of the most productive cell line showing high expression for conversion into highly productive animals, and all animals will be transgenic. For example, the time from microinjection to a milk producing flock is 3.5 years, if the founder is female, and 2.5 years, if it is male. With somatic cloning this time can be reduced to 1.5 years. This saving of time will be greater with cow. Production of transgenic founder animals by nuclear transfer also uses less than half the number of experimental animals than a pronuclear injection.
Cytokinesis in an animal cell: Splitting of the cell is called cytokinesis which starts at telophase. In animal cells, microtubules form a furrow in a ring around the cell.
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is one of the important enzymes in glycolysis which catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate as follows: Functional lactate d
Why are the recombinant DNA technology and the nucleus transplantation technology still dangerous? The recombinant DNA technology and the nucleus transplantation technology (cl
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Even though association between GAS pharyngitis and the ARF is fairly well established, the exact pathogenic mechanisms are not clearly understood. However, two mechanisms are post
A wild-type strain of haploid yeast is crossed to a mutant haploid strain to make a diploid. What phenotypic ratios will be observed in the haploid progeny of the diploid?
Leptospirosis Leptospirosis is a general term that denotes all infections of man and animals caused by spirochaetes of the genus Leptospira. At one time, the infection had bee
Q. How Cleaning agents works? Food particles and other debris provide good nutrients for the nlicroorganisms to grow. In fact, the food particles protect microorganisms d
Explain about Suspensions Sol is a colloidal system, in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid. When the particles of a solid are separated into large aggregates of pa
Unfortunately, unlike heart failure due to systolic dysfunction, diastolic heart failure has been studied in few clinical trials, so there is little evidence to guide the care of p
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