Networking protocols, Operating System

Assignment Help:

Modern networks are not implemented as a single piece of software; that would render the task of dealing with multiple technologies and manufacturers virtually impossible. The solution for this problem is to structure computer networks as stacks of different protocols. A protocol can be seen as a "language" in which two entities (computers, routers, etc) communicate with each other. Typically, one protocol is created to solve a predetermined set of networking tasks, such as being able to send ?xed-length messages, or guaranteeing message order, etc. The capability of a protocol to solve these tasks makes it a "black box" that can be used by protocols on the level immediately above; similarly, the protocol itself can make use of the capabilities provided by the protocol on the level immediately below. Thus, all modern networks are implemented as a stack of abstractions, all of which are implemented as composable protocols; we say that the layer N provides services to layer N+1 and uses the services from layer N-1.

As an example, consider the stack presented in Figure in this example we show how the HTTP protocol (or, similarly, SMTP and ssh) can be implemented using the services provided by the TCP protocol. Also, the TCP protocol is implemented using the services of the IP layer, which itself uses the services provided by the Ethernet layer. Notice that one advantage of this type of architecture is that if we were to build a new functionality (say, wireless connections, instead of Ethernet), it would suf?ce for us to implement this new layer and to guarantee that it provides, to the IP level, the same services that were once provided by the Ethernet level. Nowhere would we need to care about the details of TCP, HTTP, or, for that matter, any of the top-level protocols.


Related Discussions:- Networking protocols

Explain external fragmentation?, Explain external fragmentation? Extern...

Explain external fragmentation? External fragmentation is the process where the free space and the space still available for use, in a piece of storage become separated into ma

Define ageing, Define Ageing Ageing is a method of enhancing the priori...

Define Ageing Ageing is a method of enhancing the priority of process waiting in Queue for CPU allocation

Explain peterson''s solution for the critical section problem, Explain the ...

Explain the Peterson's solution for the critical section problem? In Peterson's solution two variables a) flag and b) turn are used as shared variables. If the both shared vari

Define properties of real time operating system, Define properties of Real ...

Define properties of Real time operating system Real time :- Often used in a dedicated application, this system reads information from sensors and must respond within a fixed a

Operating system.., What is the use of FIFOs in client-server applications

What is the use of FIFOs in client-server applications

Define the term operating system, Question: a) Define the term ‘Operat...

Question: a) Define the term ‘Operating System' and identify two goals of an operating system. b) What do you understand by Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) and Asymmetr

Define pure and impure interpreters, Pure and impure interpreters      ...

Pure and impure interpreters      In a pure interpreter, the source program is maintained in the source form throughout its interpretation. This arrangement acquires substantia

Define maintaining data on a per client basis, Define Maintaining Data on a...

Define Maintaining Data on a Per Client Basis Perhaps the most dramatic syntactical programming change for the application developer of client – server applications is maintain

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd