Networking protocols, Operating System

Assignment Help:

Modern networks are not implemented as a single piece of software; that would render the task of dealing with multiple technologies and manufacturers virtually impossible. The solution for this problem is to structure computer networks as stacks of different protocols. A protocol can be seen as a "language" in which two entities (computers, routers, etc) communicate with each other. Typically, one protocol is created to solve a predetermined set of networking tasks, such as being able to send ?xed-length messages, or guaranteeing message order, etc. The capability of a protocol to solve these tasks makes it a "black box" that can be used by protocols on the level immediately above; similarly, the protocol itself can make use of the capabilities provided by the protocol on the level immediately below. Thus, all modern networks are implemented as a stack of abstractions, all of which are implemented as composable protocols; we say that the layer N provides services to layer N+1 and uses the services from layer N-1.

As an example, consider the stack presented in Figure in this example we show how the HTTP protocol (or, similarly, SMTP and ssh) can be implemented using the services provided by the TCP protocol. Also, the TCP protocol is implemented using the services of the IP layer, which itself uses the services provided by the Ethernet layer. Notice that one advantage of this type of architecture is that if we were to build a new functionality (say, wireless connections, instead of Ethernet), it would suf?ce for us to implement this new layer and to guarantee that it provides, to the IP level, the same services that were once provided by the Ethernet level. Nowhere would we need to care about the details of TCP, HTTP, or, for that matter, any of the top-level protocols.


Related Discussions:- Networking protocols

Explain terminal symbols, Explain Terminal Symbols Terminal symbols are...

Explain Terminal Symbols Terminal symbols are literal strings that are forming the input of a formal grammar and cannot be broken down into smaller units with no losing their l

Interprocess communication, Now we consider the following questions: how ca...

Now we consider the following questions: how can the parent process communicate with its child? Or how can children processes communicate with other children? The exact answer depe

Explain the architecting for threads, Explain the Architecting For Threads ...

Explain the Architecting For Threads When available, threads are an integral part of any multitasking server application program. It is important that the operating system prov

Explain and differentiate programmed and interrupt i/o, Question 1 Explain...

Question 1 Explain the structure of operating system in detail Question 2 Explain the following scheduling algorithm                                     1) First come Firs

Control the access of the three global variables, Give a brief introduction...

Give a brief introduction about the operation of your program and show that you understand the idea behind threads and mutual exclusion variable. Why do we need to use mutual exclu

How program execute in operating system, Q. How Program execute in operatin...

Q. How Program execute in operating system? Program execution- The operating system fills the contents (or sections) of a file into memory as well as begins its execution. A us

Explain about directory structure, Normal 0 false false fal...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Describe the main architectural layers of windows xp, Q. Describe the three...

Q. Describe the three main architectural layers of Windows XP? Answer: (1) The HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer) creates operating system portability by hiding hardware differ

What is the design issues involved in segmentation?, SEGMENTATION HARDWARE ...

SEGMENTATION HARDWARE An execution to map two-dimensional user-defined addresses into one-dimensional physical addresses. This mapping is affected by means of segment table. Ev

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd