Networking protocols, Operating System

Assignment Help:

Modern networks are not implemented as a single piece of software; that would render the task of dealing with multiple technologies and manufacturers virtually impossible. The solution for this problem is to structure computer networks as stacks of different protocols. A protocol can be seen as a "language" in which two entities (computers, routers, etc) communicate with each other. Typically, one protocol is created to solve a predetermined set of networking tasks, such as being able to send ?xed-length messages, or guaranteeing message order, etc. The capability of a protocol to solve these tasks makes it a "black box" that can be used by protocols on the level immediately above; similarly, the protocol itself can make use of the capabilities provided by the protocol on the level immediately below. Thus, all modern networks are implemented as a stack of abstractions, all of which are implemented as composable protocols; we say that the layer N provides services to layer N+1 and uses the services from layer N-1.

As an example, consider the stack presented in Figure in this example we show how the HTTP protocol (or, similarly, SMTP and ssh) can be implemented using the services provided by the TCP protocol. Also, the TCP protocol is implemented using the services of the IP layer, which itself uses the services provided by the Ethernet layer. Notice that one advantage of this type of architecture is that if we were to build a new functionality (say, wireless connections, instead of Ethernet), it would suf?ce for us to implement this new layer and to guarantee that it provides, to the IP level, the same services that were once provided by the Ethernet level. Nowhere would we need to care about the details of TCP, HTTP, or, for that matter, any of the top-level protocols.


Related Discussions:- Networking protocols

Describe the possible rmi invocation semantics, Question: (a) Briefly d...

Question: (a) Briefly discuss and describe the possible RMI invocation semantics. (b) (i) What is data marshaling? (ii) Explain the role of a remote object reference dur

Macro, What is macro expansion

What is macro expansion

Explain about deadlock detection, Explain about deadlock detection? In ...

Explain about deadlock detection? In deadlock situation, the system must provide An algorithm that verifies the state of the system to verify whether a deadlock has occu

What is virtual file system?, What is virtual file system? A Virtual f...

What is virtual file system? A Virtual file system switch (VFS) or Virtual file system is an abstraction layer   on top of a more concrete file system. The purpose of a VFS

Define properties of real time operating system, Define properties of Real ...

Define properties of Real time operating system Real time :- Often used in a dedicated application, this system reads information from sensors and must respond within a fixed a

What methods are used to monitor intrusion detection, Question : a) Wh...

Question : a) What do you understand by a Directory Structure? Support your answer with a diagram. b) Give an example how Access Lists and Groups are arranged to mode of

Describe the differences among short-term and medium-term, Describe the dif...

Describe the differences among short-term, medium-term, and long-term scheduling.   Short-term (CPU scheduler)-selects from jobs in memory those jobs that are ready to execu

How is it different from the unbounded buffer algori, How is it different f...

How is it different from the unbounded buffer algorithm ? Explain.

Diehard allocator - custom allocators, Allocators can also be used to avoid...

Allocators can also be used to avoid problems with unsafe languages. C and C++ are pervasive, with huge amounts of existing code. They are also memory-unsafe languages, in that the

What is process migration, Question: (a) Describe blocking and non-bloc...

Question: (a) Describe blocking and non-blocking types of inter-process communication. What is easier to implement and why? Discuss their relative advantages and disadvantage

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd