Networking protocols, Operating System

Assignment Help:

Modern networks are not implemented as a single piece of software; that would render the task of dealing with multiple technologies and manufacturers virtually impossible. The solution for this problem is to structure computer networks as stacks of different protocols. A protocol can be seen as a "language" in which two entities (computers, routers, etc) communicate with each other. Typically, one protocol is created to solve a predetermined set of networking tasks, such as being able to send ?xed-length messages, or guaranteeing message order, etc. The capability of a protocol to solve these tasks makes it a "black box" that can be used by protocols on the level immediately above; similarly, the protocol itself can make use of the capabilities provided by the protocol on the level immediately below. Thus, all modern networks are implemented as a stack of abstractions, all of which are implemented as composable protocols; we say that the layer N provides services to layer N+1 and uses the services from layer N-1.

As an example, consider the stack presented in Figure in this example we show how the HTTP protocol (or, similarly, SMTP and ssh) can be implemented using the services provided by the TCP protocol. Also, the TCP protocol is implemented using the services of the IP layer, which itself uses the services provided by the Ethernet layer. Notice that one advantage of this type of architecture is that if we were to build a new functionality (say, wireless connections, instead of Ethernet), it would suf?ce for us to implement this new layer and to guarantee that it provides, to the IP level, the same services that were once provided by the Ethernet level. Nowhere would we need to care about the details of TCP, HTTP, or, for that matter, any of the top-level protocols.


Related Discussions:- Networking protocols

Three conditions that solution for critical section problem, What are three...

What are three conditions that a solution for the critical section problem must satisfy? The three conditions are as following:- a)      Mutual exclusion :- if a process is

Os installation, Question: OS Installation / File system a) Why is NTFS...

Question: OS Installation / File system a) Why is NTFS portioning preferred over FAT16 or FAT32 when security is of primary concern? b) State a situation or an application w

Cache replacement policies, The physical memory acts as a cache backed by t...

The physical memory acts as a cache backed by the disk. When the physical memory is full, and we want to read in another page from disk, we have to evict a page from physical memor

What are the issues in designing a network, Normal 0 false fa...

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Explain direct sequence-analog signal, 1. A digitized voice channel is made...

1. A digitized voice channel is made by digitizing a 7 KHz bandwidth analog signal. The signal is to be sampled twice the highest frequency (two samples per hertz) . Assume each sa

Multiprogramming, ? FREE ASSOCIATION ASSIGNMENTS of multiprograming

? FREE ASSOCIATION ASSIGNMENTS of multiprograming

Main advantages of the microkernel approach to system design, What are the ...

What are the main advantages of the microkernel approach to system design? Benefits typically contain the following  (a) Adding a new service does not require modifying the

Explain the resource ownership by platform, Explain the Resource Ownership ...

Explain the Resource Ownership by Platform Ownership of data items may further be complicated by concepts defined in certain operating systems. Each operating system defines "p

Dynamic scheduling, Dynamic scheduling : The number of thread in a program...

Dynamic scheduling : The number of thread in a program may be changed during the course of operation. Dynamic priority scheduling is a kind of scheduling algorithm in which the pr

Memory management, diffenciet between least recently used and not recently ...

diffenciet between least recently used and not recently used

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd