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Need for Dynamic SQL:
You need dynamic SQL in the situations as follows:
1) You would like to execute a SQL data definition statement (like CREATE), a data control statement (like GRANT), or a session control statement (like ALTER SESSION). In PL/SQL, these statements cannot be executed statically.
2) You wish for more flexibility. For illustration, you might desire to defer your choice of the schema objects until the run time. Or, you may want your program to construct various search conditions for the WHERE clause of a SELECT statement. A further complex program might prefer from the various SQL operations, clauses, etc.
3) You can use package like DBMS_SQL to execute the SQL statements dynamically, but you would like better performance, somewhat easier to use, or the functionality that DBMS_
SQL lacks like support for the objects and collections.
Avoiding Collection Exceptions In many cases, if you reference a nonexistent collection element, then PL/SQL raises a predefined exception. Consider the illustration shown b
Advantages of Wrapping The PL/SQL Wrapper convert the PL/SQL source code into a transitional form of the object code. By hiding the application internals, the Wrapper secure
Collection Methods: The collection method is a built-in function or procedure which operates on the collections and is called using the dot notation. The methods like the C
Inner Join We have learned how to retrieve data from one table by using SELECT statement. But, as we have learned, normalized relational databases mean the data is spread betw
%ISOPEN The %ISOPEN yields TRUE if its cursor or cursor variable is open; or else, the %ISOPEN yields FALSE. In the illustration, you use the %ISOPEN to select an action:
Data Types in SQL - Interval, Boolean INTERVAL for values denoting, not intervals (!) but durations in time, such as 5 years, 3 days, 2 minutes, and so on. BOOLEAN, con
Some Varray Examples In SQL Plus, assume that you define an object type Project, as described below: SQL> CREATE TYPE Project AS OBJECT ( 2 project_no NUMBER(2), 3 title VARCHA
Predefined Exceptions The internal exception is raised implicitly whenever your PL/SQL program exceeds a system-dependent limit or violates an Oracle rule. Each & every Oracle
Read-Only Operator (+) - SQL The term read-only operator to the mathematical term function. Here I just need to add that the SQL standard reserves the term function for read-
Example of COALESCE operator Example: Give the total of marks for each exam (simplified solution) SELECT CourseId, COALESCE ((SELECT SUM (Mark) FROM EXAM_MARK AS EM
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