Natural join - sql, PL-SQL Programming

Assignment Help:

Natural Join - SQL

In the absence of NATURAL JOIN Example has to be replaced by something rather more longwinded, as shown in Example.

Example: Joining IS_CALLED and IS_ENROLLED_ON in original SQL

SELECT IC.StudentId, Name, CourseId

FROM IS_CALLED AS IC, IS_ENROLLED_ON AS IE

WHERE IC.StudentId = IE.StudentId

866_Joining in SQL.png

Explanation

  • The FROM clause now has two elements. When there are two elements, t1 and t2, the result is equivalent to t1 CROSS JOIN t2, which is SQL's counterpart of t1 TIMES t2 in Tutorial D. However, TIMES requires its operands to have disjoint headings, whereas CROSS JOIN is defined for all pairs of SQL tables. When t1 and t2 each have a column named c, the result has two columns named c. In general, when t1 has m columns named c and t2 has n, t1 CROSS JOIN t2 has m+n columns named c.
  • Following the FROM clause is a WHERE clause, denoting an invocation of the operator WHERE. The operands are the table resulting from the FROM clause and the condition following the word WHERE. SQL's WHERE operator is equivalent to Tutorial D's operator of the same name when its table operand represents a relation.
  • The result of the FROM clause has two columns of the same name, StudentId. The condition specified in the WHERE clause uses range variables, IC and IE, to distinguish between these two columns. The distinction is possible here, thanks to the fact that the same column name isn't used more than once in either of the two operand tables (as we shall see later, that is a condition that does not always apply, even though the same column name cannot be used more than once in a base table).
  • The range variables are defined in the FROM clause alongside the table expressions to which they apply. The key word AS separating the table expression from the range variable name is optional. If the table expression consists of just a table name, unaccompanied by a range variable, then that table name serves also as a range variable name.
  • A range variable is so-called because it is considered to "range over" each element in turn of a collection, the collection in the example at hand being the rows of a table. Note carefully that although the expression IE.StudentId is a column reference, it is not a column name. It references a particular column named StudentId. The prefix "IE." is required because without it the column reference would be ambiguous.

Related Discussions:- Natural join - sql

Manipulating collections-nested table examples, Manipulating Collections ...

Manipulating Collections Within PL/SQL, the collections add procedural power and flexibility. The biggest benefit is that your program can compute subscripts to process the spec

Cursor variables as parameters, Cursor Variables As Parameters You can...

Cursor Variables As Parameters You can declare the cursor variables as the formal parameters of the functions and procedures. In the illustration below, you define the REF CUR

How to use the explain plan for statement, Using the student and faculty ta...

Using the student and faculty tables create a select query that outputs all students for a specific advisor. Generate the execution plan, select out the explain plan . Create an

Projection in sql - correct version, Projection in SQL - correct version ...

Projection in SQL - correct version Student StudentId is enrolled on some course. SELECT DISTINCT StudentId FROM IS_ENROLLED_ON In more complicated examples it is someti

For-loop -iterative control, FOR-LOOP While the number of iterations thr...

FOR-LOOP While the number of iterations through a WHILE loop is unknown till the loop completes, then the number of iterations through a FOR loop is known before the loop is ent

Use tsql function sql server 2012, I want someone to write a TSQL function ...

I want someone to write a TSQL function that returns the name of the ODBC DSN. I will use the queries below, to get information about the connection, but none of these return th

Pl/sql engine, Architecture The PL/SQL run-time system and compilation ...

Architecture The PL/SQL run-time system and compilation is a technology, not an independent product. Consider this technology as an engine that compiles and executes the PL/SQL

Keyword and parameter description in pl sql, Keyword and Parameter Descript...

Keyword and Parameter Description: label_name: This is an undeclared identifier which optionally labels the PL/SQL block. When used, label_name should be enclosed by the do

Quantification in sql, Quantification in SQL To quantify something, as...

Quantification in SQL To quantify something, as the theory book has it, is to state its quantity, to say how many of it there are. For example, in Tutorial D the expression CO

Grouping and ungrouping in sql, Grouping and Ungrouping in SQL Example...

Grouping and Ungrouping in SQL Example specifying EXAM_MARK in place of COURSE in the main FROM clause. Example: Obtaining C_ER2 from EXAM_MARK SELECT CourseId, CAST

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd