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Name ResolutionIn potentially uncertain SQL statements, the names of the database columns take precedence over the names of the local variables and formal parameters. For e.g. the DELETE statement removes all the employees from the emp table, not just ’KING’, as Oracle suppose that both enames in the WHERE clause refer to thedatabase column:DECLAREename VARCHAR2(10) := ’KING’;BEGINDELETE FROM emp WHERE ename = ename;In such cases, to avoid the uncertainty, prefix the names of the local variables and formal parameters with my_, as shown below:DECLAREmy_ename VARCHAR2(10);Or, use a block label to qualify references, as in<>DECLAREename VARCHAR2(10) := ’KING’;BEGINDELETE FROM emp WHERE ename = main.ename;The next illustration shows that you can use a subprogram name to qualify references to a local variables and formal parameters:FUNCTION bonus (deptno IN NUMBER, ...) RETURN REAL ISjob CHAR(10);BEGINSELECT ... WHERE deptno = bonus.deptno AND job = bonus.job;
%FOUND Until the SQL data manipulation statement is executed, the %FOUND yields NULL. Afterward, the %FOUND yields TRUE, when an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement affected o
Existential Quantification - SQL Existential quantification-stating that something is true of at least one object under consideration-can be expressed by OR(r,c), meaning tha
Keyword and Parameter Description: table_reference: This specifies a table or view that should be accessible when you execute the DELETE statement, and for that you must
Complete the following steps to create a procedure to calculate the tax on an order. The BB_TAX table contains the states that require taxes to be submitted for Internet sales. If
Explicit Cursor Attributes The cursor variable or each cursor has four attributes: %FOUND, %ISOPEN, %ROWCOUNT, and %NOTFOUND. When appended to the cursor or cursor variable, th
Multiset types - SQL An SQL multiset is what in mathematics is also known as a bag-something like a set except that the same element can appear more than once. The body of an
Using a Host Variable You can declare the cursor variable in the PL/SQL host environment like an OCI or Pro C program. To use the cursor variable, you should pass it as a host
Transaction context As the figure shows, the major transaction shares its context with the nested transactions, but not with the autonomous transactions. Similarly, If one aut
Write a program to implement the inverted file shown in the slides (Simple Index file, LabelID file and Data file). Use the Avail_List to point at the deleted Label IDs so that th
1.( /5 marks) Suppose that a B+-tree index with the search key (dept_name, building) is available on relation department. What would be the best way to handle the following selecti
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