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MULTICASTING:
The answer to above problem is multicasting. It is the normal form of broadcasting. It acts like broadcasting however it does not broadcast frames automatically to the CPU.
The interface hardware is programmed in advance to receive some frames that have multicast address as the destination address. If an application needs to receive some frames then it program the interface hardware to receive an additional set of addresses.
The interface hardware frame then starts accepting three kinds of frames:
MULTICAST ADDRESSING:
We take an example of computers executing an audio program. We see that they may accept audio frames if the interface are programmed to received them and the other devices that are not running that audio programs will not waste sources
TCP creates a reliable data transfer service, in addition to IP''s unreliable best-effort service. Study the related sections of the text, and in your own words, summarize how TCP
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Explain Logical Ring Physical Star topology for Token-Passing Standard. It is definite that any break in the ring at any point will interrupt communications for all machines.
CHARACTERIZATION OF NETWORKS: There are three kinds of characterization of networks. LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN): It is needed for a single building. METROPOLOTAN AREA
Encoding Process c= uG u: binary data sequence of length 4( input) G: Generator matrix which is 7*4 c: Codeword D
Reliable data transfer over a channel bit error rdt : 20 A more realist model of the underlying channel is one in which bits in packet may be computed. Such bit erro
Ping and Traceroute are used by ICMP for Testing. Destination Unreachable messages are obtained by a router when it does not have a route to the network.
Explain Radio Wave. Although Radio waves are common and well understood, we are just starting to realize their enormous potential as a networking medium. Radio waves can operat
Circuit switching is a term used in communication where the communicating nodes will be connected through a dedicated channel before any communication may take place. The methodolo
What are the different types of network topologies
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