Multi-list file organisation, Database Management System

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Multi-list file Organisation

Multi-list file organisation is a multi-index linked file organisation. A linked file organisation is a logical organisation where physical ordering of records is not of concern. In linked organisation the series of records is governed by the links that verify the next record in series. Linking of records can be unordered but such a linking is very costly for searching of information from a file. Thus, it may be a good idea to link records in the order of increasing primary key. This will facilitate deletion and insertion algorithms. Also this really helps the search performance. In addition to making order during linking, search by a file can be further facilitated by producing primary and secondary indexes. All these ideas are supported in the multi-list file organisation. Let us describe these concepts further with the help of an example.

Consider the employee data as given in Figure. The record numbers are given as alphabets for better explanation. Suppose that the Empid is the key field of the data records. Let us describe the Multi-list file organisation for the data file.

 

Record

Number

Empid

Name

Job

Qualification

Gender

City

Married/

Single

Salary

A

800

Jain

Software

Engineer

B. Tech.

Male

New Delhi

Single

15,000/-

B

500

Inder

Software

Manager

B. Tech.

Female

New Delhi

Married

18,000/-

C

900

Rashi

Software

Manager

MCA

Female

Mumbai

Single

16,000/-

D

700

Gurpreet

Software

Engineer

B. Tech.

Male

Mumbai

Married

12,000/-

E

600

Meena

Software

Manager

MCA

Female

Mumbai

Single

13,000/-

                                                                  Figure: Sample data for Employee file

Since, the primary key of the file is Empid, thus the linked order of records should be defined as B (500), E(600), D(700), A(800), C(900). Though, as the file size will grow the search performance of the file would deteriorate. Therefore, we can make a primary index on the file (please note that in this file the records are in the logical series and tied together using links and not physical placement, thus, the primary index will be a linked index file rather than block indexes).


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