Monosaccharide sugars, Biology

Assignment Help:

Monosaccharide Sugar - carbohydrate consisting of a single sugar unit

  • Have an aldehyde or a ketone group and 2-5 alcohol groups depending of the # of carbons

             o    Glucose  aldose
             o    Fructose  ketose

  • Common sugars

             o    5-carbon sugars  have 4 alcohols and one aldehyde/ketone group  pentose
             o    6-carbon sugars  have 6 functional groups  hexose
             o    3-carbon sugars  have 3 functional groups  triose

  • In solution monosaccharides 5-6 carbons long  form more stable ring structures

            o    the C=O group reacts with the -OH group to form an O link
            o    6 carbon chains...
                  Aldose  form 6 member ring
                   Ketose  form 5 member ring
            o    Pentose sugars form 5 member rings

 

                                            1055_Monosaccharide Sugar.png                                                   2484_Monosaccharide Sugar 1.png                                      

 

  • Glucose

            o    Chain structure
                  C3 has the OH on the other side
            o    Alpha α-glucose
                 C1 has the H above the plane of the ring and the OH below the plane
                 Starch and glycogen
            o    Beta β-Glucose
                 C1 has the H below the plane of the ring and the OH above the plane
                  Cellulose and chitan

  • Many hexose structures resemble glucose but have a different orientation of the alcohol group

           o    Mannose has the orientation on C2 switched

 

           o    Galactose has the orientation on C4 switched

 


Related Discussions:- Monosaccharide sugars

Bronchiectasis, Bronchiectasis: Bronchiectasis literally means abnorma...

Bronchiectasis: Bronchiectasis literally means abnormal dilation of bronchi. It is a chronic  inflammatory condition which is characterised  by permanent dilation of bronchi a

Fatty acid metabolism, Fatty Acid Metabolism The body has a limited sup...

Fatty Acid Metabolism The body has a limited supply of glucose associative to the energy stored as fat. There are 3 sources of fatty acids for energy metabolism within animals;

Immunolocalization, uses and advantages and disadvantages of immunolocaliza...

uses and advantages and disadvantages of immunolocalization

Define the physical activity level, Define the Physical activity level? ...

Define the Physical activity level? Physical activity level (PAL) is defined as the total energy required over 24 hours divided by the energy needed for basal metabolism over 2

What is biodiversity, What is biodiversity? Biological diversity is the...

What is biodiversity? Biological diversity is the several of species of living beings of an ecosystem. In ecosystems which are more bio diverse, as tropical forests, a great va

Cardiac output - circulation, Cardiac Output - Circulation The cardiac...

Cardiac Output - Circulation The cardiac output can be determined in a number of ways. The most common method is the Fick's principle. A. Fick a German physiologist in 1870 de

Explain homogenization, Explain Homogenization Homogenized milk will n...

Explain Homogenization Homogenized milk will not be affected, as the fat globules are already broken up.  Homogenization increases the viscosity of whole milk but slightly dec

What is the meaning of body composition, What is the meaning of Body compos...

What is the meaning of Body composition? It refers primarily to the distribution of muscle, fat, bone and other tissues in the body, and its measurement is often considered as

Explain working of refrigerator in microbiology laboratory, Explain the Wor...

Explain the Working of Refrigerator in Microbiological Laboratory? Refrigerator is a basic requirement in microbiological laboratory. It is used for maintaining microbial cultu

Fishes- regeneration in vertebrates, Fishes- Regeneration in Vertebrates ...

Fishes- Regeneration in Vertebrates Several different parts of the fish body will re-grow. Plucked scales are promptly replaced by new ones and amputated gill filaments can re

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd