Monosaccharide sugars, Biology

Assignment Help:

Monosaccharide Sugar - carbohydrate consisting of a single sugar unit

  • Have an aldehyde or a ketone group and 2-5 alcohol groups depending of the # of carbons

             o    Glucose  aldose
             o    Fructose  ketose

  • Common sugars

             o    5-carbon sugars  have 4 alcohols and one aldehyde/ketone group  pentose
             o    6-carbon sugars  have 6 functional groups  hexose
             o    3-carbon sugars  have 3 functional groups  triose

  • In solution monosaccharides 5-6 carbons long  form more stable ring structures

            o    the C=O group reacts with the -OH group to form an O link
            o    6 carbon chains...
                  Aldose  form 6 member ring
                   Ketose  form 5 member ring
            o    Pentose sugars form 5 member rings

 

                                            1055_Monosaccharide Sugar.png                                                   2484_Monosaccharide Sugar 1.png                                      

 

  • Glucose

            o    Chain structure
                  C3 has the OH on the other side
            o    Alpha α-glucose
                 C1 has the H above the plane of the ring and the OH below the plane
                 Starch and glycogen
            o    Beta β-Glucose
                 C1 has the H below the plane of the ring and the OH above the plane
                  Cellulose and chitan

  • Many hexose structures resemble glucose but have a different orientation of the alcohol group

           o    Mannose has the orientation on C2 switched

 

           o    Galactose has the orientation on C4 switched

 


Related Discussions:- Monosaccharide sugars

What is fluorescent microscope, What is Fluorescent Microscope? In abo...

What is Fluorescent Microscope? In above said microscopes, image is produced from light that passes through a specimen. In fluorescent microscope, however, specimen image is f

Difference between sexual gametes and spores, Q. What is the difference bet...

Q. What is the difference between sexual gametes and spores? Do humans present sexual gametes or spores? Sexual spores are structures generated from meiosis with ploidy number

What is transgenesis - molecular biology, Molecular Biology - transgenesis ...

Molecular Biology - transgenesis Difficult to successfully insert the gene then successfully re-implant embryo possible pleiotropic effects low success rate / tak

Explain significance of mitosis for embryonic development, Q. What is the s...

Q. What is the significance of mitosis for the embryonic development? Every embryo grows from a single cell that bears mitosis and generates other cells that also divide themse

Is total volume of the reaction is 30 micro liters, You have a 10x enzyme b...

You have a 10x enzyme buffer that you are to use in a particular reaction. The total volume of the reaction is 30 micro liters. How much of the 10x buffer should you add so that th

Ecological isolation, Ecological isolation is based on the fact that popula...

Ecological isolation is based on the fact that population shows preference to one habitat over the other. This extensive forests become barriers to the dispersal of organims living

Define lamivudine, Lamivudine This oral antiretroviral nucleoside analo...

Lamivudine This oral antiretroviral nucleoside analog used to treat HIV is also FDA-approved for treatment of chronic HBV infection. A trial in Asian patients with chronic HBV

Causes of apomixis, Causes of Apomixis Apomictic species are generall...

Causes of Apomixis Apomictic species are generally hybrids or polyploids, as a consequence, there is irregular meiosis. Apomixis appears to be controlled by a set of genes. T

Explain lamda and kappa-carrageenan, Explain Lamda and Kappa-carrageenan ...

Explain Lamda and Kappa-carrageenan Lamda-carrageenan at a concentration of 0.05% produces thickening and  stabilization. Sodium salts of Lamda and Kappa-carrageenan at a co

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd