Monosaccharide sugars, Biology

Assignment Help:

Monosaccharide Sugar - carbohydrate consisting of a single sugar unit

  • Have an aldehyde or a ketone group and 2-5 alcohol groups depending of the # of carbons

             o    Glucose  aldose
             o    Fructose  ketose

  • Common sugars

             o    5-carbon sugars  have 4 alcohols and one aldehyde/ketone group  pentose
             o    6-carbon sugars  have 6 functional groups  hexose
             o    3-carbon sugars  have 3 functional groups  triose

  • In solution monosaccharides 5-6 carbons long  form more stable ring structures

            o    the C=O group reacts with the -OH group to form an O link
            o    6 carbon chains...
                  Aldose  form 6 member ring
                   Ketose  form 5 member ring
            o    Pentose sugars form 5 member rings

 

                                            1055_Monosaccharide Sugar.png                                                   2484_Monosaccharide Sugar 1.png                                      

 

  • Glucose

            o    Chain structure
                  C3 has the OH on the other side
            o    Alpha α-glucose
                 C1 has the H above the plane of the ring and the OH below the plane
                 Starch and glycogen
            o    Beta β-Glucose
                 C1 has the H below the plane of the ring and the OH above the plane
                  Cellulose and chitan

  • Many hexose structures resemble glucose but have a different orientation of the alcohol group

           o    Mannose has the orientation on C2 switched

 

           o    Galactose has the orientation on C4 switched

 


Related Discussions:- Monosaccharide sugars

Fructose doesnt have aldehyde group reacts with fehling sol, Although fruct...

Although fructose does not have an aldehyde group it reacts first of all  bonds of fructose was breaked by fehling solution then fructose coverted to aldehydic group then that

Define the htst pasteurization method, Define the HTST Pasteurization Metho...

Define the HTST Pasteurization Method? Rapid, high pasteurization is characterized by a pasteurization time in the order of seconds and temperatures of about 85° to 90°C or mor

What compound composes most of the cell membrane, What compound composes mo...

What compound composes most of the cell membrane? How is this compound suited to the function of the membrane? Phospholipid composes most of the cell membrane. The hydrophob

Explain how a water molecule is produced, Explain how a water molecule is p...

Explain how a water molecule is produced when glucose and fructose undergo a condensation reaction. The glucose molecule releases a hydroxide ion, OH -, and the fructose molec

State the stabilization of haem pigments, State the Stabilization of haem p...

State the Stabilization of haem pigments Ligands suggested for the stabilization of haem pigments are imidazole (and its derivatives), S-nitrosocysteine and nitrite. Whereas se

What are the two major types of endocytosis, Q What are the two major types...

Q What are the two major types of endocytosis? Endocytosis is the entry of material in the cell engulfed by portions of the cell membrane. Endocytosis can be classified as p

Asexual reproduction, Which type of asexual reproduction takes place in mon...

Which type of asexual reproduction takes place in monocystis?

One benefit of including vegetable fibre in the diet, State one benefit of ...

State one benefit of including vegetable fibre (roughage) in the diet   Vegetable fibre retains water (keeping the faeces soft and bulky), stops constipation, decreases the

What is the rh typing of the mother, What is the Rh typing of the mother an...

What is the Rh typing of the mother and of the fetus in the hemolytic disease of the newborn? In the hemolytic disease of the newborn the mother is Rh- and the fetus Rh+. In th

Explain beef extract and yeast extract, Explain Beef Extract and Yeast Extr...

Explain Beef Extract and Yeast Extract These are aqueous extracts of lean beef and brewer's yeast, respectively. Beef extract provides amino acids, peptides, nucleotides, organ

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd