Monosaccharide sugars, Biology

Assignment Help:

Monosaccharide Sugar - carbohydrate consisting of a single sugar unit

  • Have an aldehyde or a ketone group and 2-5 alcohol groups depending of the # of carbons

             o    Glucose  aldose
             o    Fructose  ketose

  • Common sugars

             o    5-carbon sugars  have 4 alcohols and one aldehyde/ketone group  pentose
             o    6-carbon sugars  have 6 functional groups  hexose
             o    3-carbon sugars  have 3 functional groups  triose

  • In solution monosaccharides 5-6 carbons long  form more stable ring structures

            o    the C=O group reacts with the -OH group to form an O link
            o    6 carbon chains...
                  Aldose  form 6 member ring
                   Ketose  form 5 member ring
            o    Pentose sugars form 5 member rings

 

                                            1055_Monosaccharide Sugar.png                                                   2484_Monosaccharide Sugar 1.png                                      

 

  • Glucose

            o    Chain structure
                  C3 has the OH on the other side
            o    Alpha α-glucose
                 C1 has the H above the plane of the ring and the OH below the plane
                 Starch and glycogen
            o    Beta β-Glucose
                 C1 has the H below the plane of the ring and the OH above the plane
                  Cellulose and chitan

  • Many hexose structures resemble glucose but have a different orientation of the alcohol group

           o    Mannose has the orientation on C2 switched

 

           o    Galactose has the orientation on C4 switched

 


Related Discussions:- Monosaccharide sugars

What are the etiological agents of malaria, What are the etiological agents...

What are the etiological agents of malaria? The etiological agents of malaria are protozoans of the genus Plasmodium. There are four dissimilar types of plasmodia that cause ma

Cancer lung, Cancer Lung Incidence of cancer lung is more in persons ...

Cancer Lung Incidence of cancer lung is more in persons who smoke. Environmental and industrial pollution is also a risk factor in the increase in incidence. Clinic

Main prophylactic measures against schistosomiasis, What are the main proph...

What are the main prophylactic measures against schistosomiasis? The main measures to stop schistosomiasis are: information for infected individuals to look for treatment and t

Coccidioidomycosis, Coccidioidomycosis Coccidioidomycosis is a soil-...

Coccidioidomycosis Coccidioidomycosis is a soil-borne infection of pet, domestic, wild animals and  man. The disease is caused by Coccidioides immitis, a dimorphic fungus wh

Can you explain plasmids, Q. What are plasmids? And what is the significanc...

Q. What are plasmids? And what is the significance of plasmids for the recombinant DNA technology? Plasmids are circular fragments of DNA that are accessories to the main bacte

Explain the alterations occurring in egg, Alterations occurring in egg ...

Alterations occurring in egg The quality, flavour, composition and functional properties of eggs are adversely affected more rapidly and to a greater extent by the speed and co

Describe briefly about the type 1 diabetes, Describe Briefly about the Type...

Describe Briefly about the Type 1 Diabetes? In people with normal weight, Type1 Diabetes is not a major cause of death but it is an important contributor to morbidity and morta

Lens regeneration in amphibians, Lens Regeneration in Amphibians It i...

Lens Regeneration in Amphibians It is an amazing fact that between all vertebrates only certain amphibians have the unique ability to regenerate lens, iris and retina in adul

Typical conformation of the age pyramids, Q. What is the typical conformati...

Q. What is the typical conformation of the age pyramids of underdeveloped countries? The age pyramids of the peripheral countries or the underdeveloped countries have character

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd