Monosaccharide sugars, Biology

Assignment Help:

Monosaccharide Sugar - carbohydrate consisting of a single sugar unit

  • Have an aldehyde or a ketone group and 2-5 alcohol groups depending of the # of carbons

             o    Glucose  aldose
             o    Fructose  ketose

  • Common sugars

             o    5-carbon sugars  have 4 alcohols and one aldehyde/ketone group  pentose
             o    6-carbon sugars  have 6 functional groups  hexose
             o    3-carbon sugars  have 3 functional groups  triose

  • In solution monosaccharides 5-6 carbons long  form more stable ring structures

            o    the C=O group reacts with the -OH group to form an O link
            o    6 carbon chains...
                  Aldose  form 6 member ring
                   Ketose  form 5 member ring
            o    Pentose sugars form 5 member rings

 

                                            1055_Monosaccharide Sugar.png                                                   2484_Monosaccharide Sugar 1.png                                      

 

  • Glucose

            o    Chain structure
                  C3 has the OH on the other side
            o    Alpha α-glucose
                 C1 has the H above the plane of the ring and the OH below the plane
                 Starch and glycogen
            o    Beta β-Glucose
                 C1 has the H below the plane of the ring and the OH above the plane
                  Cellulose and chitan

  • Many hexose structures resemble glucose but have a different orientation of the alcohol group

           o    Mannose has the orientation on C2 switched

 

           o    Galactose has the orientation on C4 switched

 


Related Discussions:- Monosaccharide sugars

What are instances of nematodes, Q. What are instances of nematodes? As...

Q. What are instances of nematodes? Ascaris, filaria and hookworm, all parasites of humans, are instance of nematodes also known as roundworms. Q. Are nematodes exclusively

What do you mean by amphibians of the plant world, Q. Why can the bryophyte...

Q. Why can the bryophytes be considered the "amphibians of the plant world"? Like adult amphibians, the bryophytes live in the terrestrial environment but they depend on water

Define classification of foods based on ph, Define Classification of foods ...

Define Classification of foods based on pH? Of these, the nature of the food, primarily the pH of food, is the most significant determinant of how severely the food will be pro

Protozoa phylum, wht is the main quality of this phylum

wht is the main quality of this phylum

Explain role of mineral salt in creation of electric tension, What is the r...

What is the role of mineral salts in the creation of electric tension (voltage) at the cellular level? The electric activity of the cell, for instance, in neurons, depends on

Plant cells differ from animal cells, State the ways in which (a) all...

State the ways in which (a) all plant cells, (b) some plant cells vary from animal cells.    (a) All plant cells have a cellulose cell wall.  (b) Some plant c

Spermatogenesis, Spermatogenesis In multicellular organisms the repro...

Spermatogenesis In multicellular organisms the reproductive process commences with the production of gametes. The gametes are the sex cells that develop inside the gonads, th

Define life cycle of spore forming bacteria, Define Life Cycle of Spore For...

Define Life Cycle of Spore Forming Bacteria? One endospore is formed per bacterial cell. The process of formation of endospore is called sporulation that occurs in an organized

Determine about the term - heterogeneous mixture, Determine about the term ...

Determine about the term - heterogeneous mixture The solid phase made up of soil and other source material for nutrients, is a heterogeneous mixture. Each nutrient source contr

Which respiratory adaptations or organs do, Q. Which respiratory adaptation...

Q. Which respiratory adaptations or organs do aquatic and terrestrial arthropods respectively present? In crustaceans, typical aquatic beings, there are richly vascularized gil

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd