Monosaccharide sugars, Biology

Assignment Help:

Monosaccharide Sugar - carbohydrate consisting of a single sugar unit

  • Have an aldehyde or a ketone group and 2-5 alcohol groups depending of the # of carbons

             o    Glucose  aldose
             o    Fructose  ketose

  • Common sugars

             o    5-carbon sugars  have 4 alcohols and one aldehyde/ketone group  pentose
             o    6-carbon sugars  have 6 functional groups  hexose
             o    3-carbon sugars  have 3 functional groups  triose

  • In solution monosaccharides 5-6 carbons long  form more stable ring structures

            o    the C=O group reacts with the -OH group to form an O link
            o    6 carbon chains...
                  Aldose  form 6 member ring
                   Ketose  form 5 member ring
            o    Pentose sugars form 5 member rings

 

                                            1055_Monosaccharide Sugar.png                                                   2484_Monosaccharide Sugar 1.png                                      

 

  • Glucose

            o    Chain structure
                  C3 has the OH on the other side
            o    Alpha α-glucose
                 C1 has the H above the plane of the ring and the OH below the plane
                 Starch and glycogen
            o    Beta β-Glucose
                 C1 has the H below the plane of the ring and the OH above the plane
                  Cellulose and chitan

  • Many hexose structures resemble glucose but have a different orientation of the alcohol group

           o    Mannose has the orientation on C2 switched

 

           o    Galactose has the orientation on C4 switched

 


Related Discussions:- Monosaccharide sugars

Digestive system - tongue, TONGU E - On the tongue 4 types of p...

TONGU E - On the tongue 4 types of papillae are present. (i) Filliform - Filliform papillae are most abundant and have no taste bunds. Filliform papillae

Integral membrane protein movement and distribution, Various proteins are f...

Various proteins are free to take a move laterally in the plane of the bilayer. One experiment used to represent this included fusing cultured mouse cells with human cells under ap

Define the proteins requirement to avoid underweight problem, Define the Pr...

Define the Proteins requirement to avoid underweight problem? Proteins are required for tissue building, as well as, to take care of the daily wear and tear. Under weight indiv

Explain procedure for test the presence of sugar in honey, Procedure for Te...

Procedure for Test the Presence of Sugar in Honey? 1. Mix 5 grams of honey with 5 ml ether in a mortar and pestle. 2. Decant off the ether extract into an evaporating dish.

What are the distinct types of proteins, Distinct types of proteins T...

Distinct types of proteins Two distinct types of proteins are known: fibrous and globular proteins. Fibrous proteins are insoluble in water and are physically tough, which

Bio geographical evidences, The main points which is based on the seminar...

The main points which is based on the seminar topic Bio geographical evidences

What are the hydrophobic molecules, Q. What are the hydrophobic molecules (...

Q. What are the hydrophobic molecules (or hydrophobic molecular regions)? What are the hydrophilic molecules? How can they be characterized in relation to their polarity? Hydro

Describe three ways that rna differs from dna, Describe three ways that RNA...

Describe three ways that RNA differs from DNA. RNA is single stranded; DNA is double stranded all of the codons from the deletion point to the end of the transcript would be s

Explain meningococcal disease, Meningococcal disease  Meningococcal vac...

Meningococcal disease  Meningococcal vaccine is recommended for adults and children >2 years old who are traveling to areas where epidemics are occurring, or to the "meningitis

Explain food applications of gum tragacanth, Food Applications of Gum traga...

Food Applications of Gum tragacanth Gum tragacanth finds various food applications. These include: In dairy products, it functions as stabilizer in ice cream, ice pops a

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd