Modified duration versus effective duration, Financial Management

Assignment Help:

Modified duration is used to determine the percentage change in the bond's prices for a 100 basis point (1%) change in the yield. The underlying assumption is that the bond's expected cash flows would not change when yield changes. It means that to calculate the value of V- and V+ in equation (1) the same cash flows used for calculating V0 are used.

The assumption that cash flow would not change when yield changes is not true for all types of bonds. It is true in case of option-free bond but it is not applicable in case of putable and callable bonds. For example, the payments made by the Treasury Department to the holders of its obligations do not change when interest rates change. However, the same is not true for bond with embedded options. The expected cash flows may change significantly with the change in the yield.

Effective duration is a duration calculation for bonds with embedded options. Effective duration takes into account both the discounting at different interest rates and how the expected cash flow may change. Effective duration can be estimated using modified duration if the bond with embedded options behaves like an option-free bond. This behavior occurs when exercise of the embedded option would offer the investor no benefit. As such, the security's cash flows cannot be expected to change given a change in yield.   There can be huge difference between the modified duration and effective duration. For example, the modified duration for a callable bond could be 7, whereas the effective duration could be 5. Sometimes it may be the other way round, i.e for certain mortgage obligations the effective duration may be more than the modified duration. Therefore, we can conclude that the effective duration is a more appropriate measure in case of bonds with embedded options.


Related Discussions:- Modified duration versus effective duration

Why do a split, Why do a Split? A 4 x 1 Split is an operation by which ...

Why do a Split? A 4 x 1 Split is an operation by which a shareholder now owns 4 shares for every share he/she had before. Logically, the stock market value of each of these new

Share-based payments and retirement benefits, Applicant should have been we...

Applicant should have been well versed in the calculation of actuarial losses and gains on pensions. It would have been significant to ensure each item affecting liabilities and as

Profit maximization-objectives of a business entity, Profit maximization ...

Profit maximization Traditionally, this was considered to be the major goal of the firm. Profit maximization refers to attaining the maximum possible profits throughout the yea

What do you mean by account, Q. What do you mean by Account? Account - ...

Q. What do you mean by Account? Account - Formal record which represents, in words, money or other unit of measurement, certainresources, transactions, claims to such resources

Gordon''s dividend capitalization method, formula and explanation for Gordo...

formula and explanation for Gordon''s dividend capitalization method

Important factors for successful budgetary control, IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR ...

IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR  SUCCESSFUL BUDGETARY CONTROL 1. Clearly defined organization structure. 2. Top management support. 3. Reporting of deviations 4. Efficient acco

Find the cash flow from assets - partial income statement, Partial Income S...

Partial Income Statement Year Ending 2011 Sales Revenue                $350,000 COGS                            $140,000 Fixed Costs                     $ 43,000 SG&A E

Warrant, It is a long-term call option to purchase common stock at a specif...

It is a long-term call option to purchase common stock at a specified price.

Define a currency futures contract, Q. Define a currency futures contract? ...

Q. Define a currency futures contract? A currency futures contract is a standardised contract for the buying or else selling of a specified quantity of currency. It is traded o

Explain about the debt policy, Explain about the debt policy Designing...

Explain about the debt policy Designing debt policy the debt policy of a firm is significantly influenced by the cost consideration. In designing financing policy, that is, p

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd