Modified duration versus effective duration, Financial Management

Assignment Help:

Modified duration is used to determine the percentage change in the bond's prices for a 100 basis point (1%) change in the yield. The underlying assumption is that the bond's expected cash flows would not change when yield changes. It means that to calculate the value of V- and V+ in equation (1) the same cash flows used for calculating V0 are used.

The assumption that cash flow would not change when yield changes is not true for all types of bonds. It is true in case of option-free bond but it is not applicable in case of putable and callable bonds. For example, the payments made by the Treasury Department to the holders of its obligations do not change when interest rates change. However, the same is not true for bond with embedded options. The expected cash flows may change significantly with the change in the yield.

Effective duration is a duration calculation for bonds with embedded options. Effective duration takes into account both the discounting at different interest rates and how the expected cash flow may change. Effective duration can be estimated using modified duration if the bond with embedded options behaves like an option-free bond. This behavior occurs when exercise of the embedded option would offer the investor no benefit. As such, the security's cash flows cannot be expected to change given a change in yield.   There can be huge difference between the modified duration and effective duration. For example, the modified duration for a callable bond could be 7, whereas the effective duration could be 5. Sometimes it may be the other way round, i.e for certain mortgage obligations the effective duration may be more than the modified duration. Therefore, we can conclude that the effective duration is a more appropriate measure in case of bonds with embedded options.


Related Discussions:- Modified duration versus effective duration

Explain term lenders, Lenders Lenders are concerned to receive payment ...

Lenders Lenders are concerned to receive payment of interest and ultimate re-payment of capital. They don't share in the upside of very successful organisational strategies as

Calculate the ex-right stock price, DIY Inc. plans to raise $200,000 with a...

DIY Inc. plans to raise $200,000 with a right offering. The current stock price is $100 and there are 80,000 shares outstanding. a. If DIY sets the subscription price to be $80

Venn diagram, d iscuss the relationship between finance management,economic...

d iscuss the relationship between finance management,economics,accounting, and mathematics. illustrate/show through a venn diagram

Valuation an option-free bond with the tree, Let us construct a binom...

Let us construct a binomial interest rate tree for a 5.5% option free bond taking Table 3 as the binomial interest rate tree. Table 1 shows the various values in

Calculate the weighted average cost, XYZ Energy Solutions plc (XYZ) has spe...

XYZ Energy Solutions plc (XYZ) has spent €12m designing and developing a new generation of domestic air source heat pumps. These new domestic heat pumps can easily be fitted to exi

Define effect of stock dividends and stock splits, What is the effect of st...

What is the effect of stock (not cash) dividends and stock splits on the market price of common stock?  Why do corporations declare stock splits and stock dividends? Stock splits

Advanced financial management, QUESTION 1 [25 marks] Xelo Ltd, whose curren...

QUESTION 1 [25 marks] Xelo Ltd, whose current sales consist of fixed operating costs of R140 000 and variable operating costs equal to 22% of sales, has made the following two sale

par value, The face value of the debt security can be thought of as ...

The face value of the debt security can be thought of as the principal amount on which interest is paid by the issuer. It is the amount the issuer is willing to r

Explain the preferred stocks by equity claims, Explain the preferred stocks...

Explain the preferred stocks by equity claims. Preferred stocks are equity claims with limited ownership rights in comparison to common stocks. They differ from common stocks i

International bonds, International bonds are divided into two c...

International bonds are divided into two categories namely, foreign bonds and euro bonds. Foreign bonds are issued by a borrowing company in another

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd