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This unit dealt along with the methods of physically storing data in the files. The terms fields, records & files were described. The organization types were introduced.
The several file organization techniques were discussed. Sequential File Organization finds employ in application areas where batch processing is more common. Sequential files are simple to employ and can be stored on cheap media. They are appropriate for applications that need direct access to only specific records of the collection. They do not provide sufficient support for interactive applications.
In Direct file organization, there exists a predictable relationship among the key used and to identify a specific record on secondary storage. A direct file has to be stored on a direct access device. Direct files are utilized extensively in application areas where interactive processing is utilized.
An Indexed Sequential file supports both sequential access through key value & direct access to a specific record, given its key value. It is implemented by developing an index on top of a sequential data file that resides on a direct access storage device.
Draw trace table and determine output from the subsequent flowchart using below data: X = 5, -3, 0, -3, 7, 0, 6, -11, -7, 12
I=PR/12 numbers of years : Interest Rate up to 1 years : 5.50 Up to 5 years : 6.50 More than 5 year : 6.75 please design an algorithm based on the above information
The size of stack was declared as ten. Thus, stack cannot hold more than ten elements. The major operations which can be performed onto a stack are push and pop. However, in a prog
What is an unreachable code assertion An unreachable code assertion can be placed at the default case; if it's every executed, then program is in an erroneous state. A loop in
Here is a diagram showing similarities between documents; this is an actual set of physics lab assignments from a large university. Each node (square) in the graph is a doc
Painter's Algorithm As the name suggests, the algorithm follows the standard practice of a painter, who would paint the background (such as a backdrop) first, then the major d
It is a useful tool for indicating the logical properties of data type. It is a collection of values & a set of operations on those values. Methodically, "a TYPE is a set, & elemen
Illumination of wire frame The colour or shade that a surface appears to the human eye depends primarily on three factors : Colour and strength of incoming illumination
In the array implementation of lists, elements are stored into continuous locations. In order to add an element into the list at the end, we can insert it without any problem. But,
A binary tree is a tree data structures in which each node have at most two child nodes, generally distinguished as "right" and "left". Nodes with children are called parent nodes,
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