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This unit dealt along with the methods of physically storing data in the files. The terms fields, records & files were described. The organization types were introduced.
The several file organization techniques were discussed. Sequential File Organization finds employ in application areas where batch processing is more common. Sequential files are simple to employ and can be stored on cheap media. They are appropriate for applications that need direct access to only specific records of the collection. They do not provide sufficient support for interactive applications.
In Direct file organization, there exists a predictable relationship among the key used and to identify a specific record on secondary storage. A direct file has to be stored on a direct access device. Direct files are utilized extensively in application areas where interactive processing is utilized.
An Indexed Sequential file supports both sequential access through key value & direct access to a specific record, given its key value. It is implemented by developing an index on top of a sequential data file that resides on a direct access storage device.
ST AC K is explained as follows : A stack is one of the most usually used data structure. A stack is also called a Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) system, is a linear list in
Breadth-first search starts at a given vertex h, which is at level 0. In the first stage, we go to all the vertices that are at the distance of one edge away. When we go there, we
1. Write a pseudocode algorithm to print the numbers from 1 to 10, and then from 10 to 1, using exactly one loop. 2. The function contains() takes a food as an argument and tell
Warnock's Algorithm An interesting approach to the hidden-surface problem was presented by Warnock. His method does not try to decide exactly what is happening in the scene but
Q. Can a Queue be represented by circular linked list with only one pointer pointing to the tail of the queue? Substantiate your answer using an example. A n s . Yes a
Explain State Space Tree If it is convenient to execute backtracking by constructing a tree of choices being made, the tree is known as a state space tree. Its root indicates a
In this sorting algorithm, multiple swapping occurs in one pass. Smaller elements move or 'bubble' up to the top of the list, so the name given to the algorithm. In this method,
What will be depth do , of complete binary tree of n nodes, where nodes are labelled from 1 to n with root as node and last leaf node as node n
How sparse matrix stored in the memory of a computer?
Let us assume a file of 5 records that means n = 5 And k is a sorted array of keys of those 5 records. Let key = 55, low = 0, high = 4 Iteration 1: mid = (0+4)/2 = 2
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