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This unit dealt along with the methods of physically storing data in the files. The terms fields, records & files were described. The organization types were introduced.
The several file organization techniques were discussed. Sequential File Organization finds employ in application areas where batch processing is more common. Sequential files are simple to employ and can be stored on cheap media. They are appropriate for applications that need direct access to only specific records of the collection. They do not provide sufficient support for interactive applications.
In Direct file organization, there exists a predictable relationship among the key used and to identify a specific record on secondary storage. A direct file has to be stored on a direct access device. Direct files are utilized extensively in application areas where interactive processing is utilized.
An Indexed Sequential file supports both sequential access through key value & direct access to a specific record, given its key value. It is implemented by developing an index on top of a sequential data file that resides on a direct access storage device.
In a chained hash table, each table entry is a pointer to a collection of elements. It can be any collection that supports insert, remove, and find, but is commonly a linked list.
Varieties of Arrays In some languages, size of an array should be established once and for all at program design time and can't change during execution. Such arrays are known a
For a queue a physical analogy is a line at booking counter. At booking counter, customers go to the rear (end) of the line & customers are attended to several services from the fr
Write a function that performs integer division. The function should take the large number in memory location 1 and divide it by the large number in memory location 2 disregarding
write the algorithm for adjust
The best algorithm to solve a given problem is one that requires less space in memory and takes less time to complete its execution. But in practice it is not always possible to
What is Solid modeling Solid modeling is the most powerful of the 3-D modeling technique. It provides the user with complete information about the model. Defining an object wit
Q. Consider the specification written below of a graph G V(G ) = {1,2,3,4} E(G ) = {(1,2), (1,3), (3,3), (3,4), (4,1)} (i) Draw the undirected graph. (
The Euclidean algorithm is an algorithm to decide the greatest common divisor of two positive integers. The greatest common divisor of N and M, in short GCD(M,N), is the largest in
Q. Explain w hat are the stacks? How can we use the stacks to check whether an expression is correctly parentheses or not. For example (()) is well formed but (() or )()( is not w
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