Medical management of mitral regurgitation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Medical Management of mitral regurgitation?

Vasodilator therapy to reduce afterload may be beneficial in patients with chronic mitral regurgitation, but there is no evidence to suggest the same in an asymptomatic patient. In a symptomatic patient with primary mitral regurgitation, surgery should be done. Vasodilators should be used in a symptomatic patient with primary or secondary mitral regurgitation not undergoing surgery. Beta blockers, digoxine, calcium channel blockers and even amiodarone may have to be used for rate control in a patient with atrial fibrillation. Diuretics need to be given as required. Oral anticoagulants are indicated in a patient with atrial fibrillation to prevent embolic episodes though the rate of embolic episodes is low and INR in the range of 2.0-2.5 may be sufficient.

Serial Follow Up

Serial follow up will help to identify patients who develop symptoms and left ventricular dysfunction. It is important to identify early signs of left ventricular dysfunction since left ventricular dysfunction may precede symptoms and post-operative outcome depends upon the left ventricular size and function. Patients with mild mitral regurgitation with no left ventricular dilatation need to be followed once in a year. Annual echocardiograms are not indicated unless they develop new symptoms. Patients with moderate mitral regurgitation need annual evaluation including echocardiography. Patients with severe mitral regurgitation should be followed up once in six months to assess symptoms and left ventricular size and function. Even in an asymptomatic patient left ventricular end systolic dimension more than 45 mm and left ventricular ejection fraction less than 60 per cent are indications for mitral valve repair or replacement. When history is not obvious, exercise testing may be done to assess functional capacity objectively.


Related Discussions:- Medical management of mitral regurgitation

Metamorphosis, Metamorphosis The phenomenon of metamorphosis is descri...

Metamorphosis The phenomenon of metamorphosis is described as a process during development which involves a remarkable change in morphology and physiology of the larva, so tha

An a=t mispairing leads to an a=c substitution, An A=T mispairing leads to ...

An A=T mispairing leads to an A=C substitution. The other DNA helix will contain a(n) __ pair. a. A=C b. A=T c. G=C d. B=Q e. T=T Can you also explain it please so if I'm ask

Genetic, 1. The genes for ruby eyes (rb), tan body (t) and cut wings (ct) a...

1. The genes for ruby eyes (rb), tan body (t) and cut wings (ct) are all found on the X-chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. All of these are recessive traits. They map in the or

What is the classification that divides orders, What is the classification ...

What is the classification that divides orders? Orders are divided into Families. The hierarchy of classification of living things most usually used is, from broadest to nar

Define the drugs effects on excretion, Define the Drugs Effects on Excretio...

Define the Drugs Effects on Excretion? Use of certain drugs can influence the excretion of certain substances. For example, besides their intended increase in sodium excretion,

How peroxisomes formed, How Peroxisomes formed Peroxisomes are formed w...

How Peroxisomes formed Peroxisomes are formed within the cell from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum by a process of budding. Peroxisomes found in the kidney and liver cells are

What are the functions of fibers, Of which substance do elastic fibers of t...

Of which substance do elastic fibers of the connective tissue are made? What are some functions of these fibers? The elastic fibers are made of a protein called elastin. Ela

Historical development of psychiatric nursing, HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PS...

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING: History is a  record of opportunities, recognized and informed,  that produce profound changes in a given field. History of psyc

Determinants of vascular tone, The vascular tone increases as the arterial ...

The vascular tone increases as the arterial size decreases. The tone at any time reflects the effects of excitory and inhibitory pathways. Neurotransmitters, physical forces like s

Systems theory - accident causation, Systems Theory - Accident Causation ...

Systems Theory - Accident Causation The systems theory established extremely strong relationship between system and accident. A properly functioning system may avoid accidents

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd