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Manipulating Individual ElementsFaraway you have manipulated an entire collection. Within the SQL, to manipulate the individual elements of the collection, and then use the operator TABLE. The operand of TABLE is a subquery which returns a single column value for you to manipulate. That the value is the nested table or the varray.In the illustration below, you add a row to the History Department nested table stored in the column courses:BEGININSERT INTOTABLE(SELECT courses FROM department WHERE name = ’History’)VALUES(3340, ’Modern China’, 4);END;In the next illustration, you revise the number of credits for two courses offered by the Psychology Department:DECLAREadjustment INTEGER DEFAULT 1;BEGINUPDATE TABLE(SELECT courses FROM departmentWHERE name = ’Psychology’)SET credits = credits + adjustmentWHERE course_no IN (2200, 3540);END;In the following illustration, you retrieve the number and the title of a specific course offered by the History Department:DECLAREmy_course_no NUMBER(4);my_title VARCHAR2(35);BEGINSELECT course_no, title INTO my_course_no, my_titleFROM TABLE(SELECT courses FROM departmentWHERE name = ’History’)WHERE course_no = 3105;...END;In the next illustration, you delete all 5-credit courses offered by the English Department:BEGINDELETE TABLE(SELECT courses FROM departmentWHERE name = ’English’)WHERE credits = 5;END;In the following illustration, you recover the title and cost of the Maintenance Department’s fourth project from the varray column projects:DECLAREmy_cost NUMBER(7,2);my_title VARCHAR2(35);BEGINSELECT cost, title INTO my_cost, my_titleFROM TABLE(SELECT projects FROM departmentWHERE dept_id = 50)WHERE project_no = 4;...END;Presently, you cannot reference the individual elements of a varray in an UPDATE, INSERT, or DELETE statement. And hence, you should use the PL/SQL procedural statements. In the illustration below, the stored procedure add_project inserts a new project into the department’s project list at a given position a shown:CREATE PROCEDURE add_project (dept_no IN NUMBER,new_project IN Project,position IN NUMBER) ASmy_projects ProjectList;BEGINSELECT projects INTO my_projects FROM departmentWHERE dept_no = dept_id FOR UPDATE OF projects;my_projects.EXTEND; -- make room for new project/* Move varray elements forward. */FOR i IN REVERSE position..my_projects.LAST - 1 LOOPmy_projects(i + 1) := my_projects(i);END LOOP;my_projects(position) := new_project; -- add new projectUPDATE department SET projects = my_projectsWHERE dept_no = dept_id;END add_project;The stored procedure updates below for a given project is:CREATE PROCEDURE update_project (dept_no IN NUMBER,proj_no IN NUMBER,new_title IN VARCHAR2 DEFAULT NULL,new_cost IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL) ASmy_projects ProjectList;BEGINSELECT projects INTO my_projects FROM departmentWHERE dept_no = dept_id FOR UPDATE OF projects;/* Find project, update it, then exit loop immediately. */FOR i IN my_projects.FIRST..my_projects.LAST LOOPIF my_projects(i).project_no = proj_no THENIF new_title IS NOT NULL THENmy_projects(i).title := new_title;END IF;IF new_cost IS NOT NULL THENmy_projects(i).cost := new_cost;END IF;EXIT;END IF;END LOOP;UPDATE department SET projects = my_projectsWHERE dept_no = dept_id;END update_project;
Mixed Notation The fourth procedure call shows that you can mix the positional and named notation. In this situation, the first parameter uses the positional notation, & the s
Manipulating Local Collections Within PL/SQL, to manipulate the local collection, by using the TABLE and CAST operators . The operands of CAST are a collection declared locally
PL SQL Code Review HEADER ELEMENTS File Name Clear, meaningful and descriptive about main objective of the file. Multiple words are joined using underscores which adh
Blocks: The fundamental program unit in the PL/SQL is the block. The PL/SQL block is defined by the keywords BEGIN, DECLARE, EXCEPTION, and END. These keywords partition the b
Predicate - SQL Consider the declarative sentence-a proposition-that is used to introduce this topic: "Student S1, named Anne, is enrolled on course C1." Recall that th
Product-specific Packages The Oracle and different Oracle tools are supplied with the product-specific packages which help you to build the PL/SQL-based applications. For illu
BEGIN Parameter Description in pl sql: BEGIN: This keyword signals the beginning of the executable section of a PL/SQL block, that contains executable statements. The execut
what are ER diagrams
Project Description: I am looking to change FullCalendar to add/delete sql server data when events are removed or dropped from Calendar. Events should only be included by dra
Keys in SQL SQL support for keys in the following respects: SQL does not require at least one key for every base table. If no key is explicitly declared, then KEY {ALL B
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