Malignant catarrhal fever (mcf), Biology

Assignment Help:

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF)

Malignant catarrhal fever is invariably fatal generalized lymphoproliferative disease of cattle and sometimes of wild ruminants. It is common in Africa, parts of Europe and in feedlot cattle in North America. The disease primarily affects lymphoid tissues and epithelial cells of respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Sheep act as reservoir for MCF virus.

Epidemiology: The disease primarily affects adult cattle. Sheep act as carriers of the virus. The aetiological agent, a member of the sub-family Gammaherpesvirinae, is designated as Alcelaphine herpes virus-1. Cattle are believed to be infected via the relatively large amounts of virus present in the nasal secretions of wild beast calves. The virus is not transmitted between cattle, which appear to be dead end hosts.

Symptoms: The disease is characterized by high fever with copious discharge from the mouth, nose and eyes. Ulcers covered with necrotic tissue deposits are seen on the tongue, gums, inside of the cheek and certain other parts. Vesicles appear all over the body, and the face and head are swollen. Usually the animals die in about a week.

Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed by the absence of diarrhoea and the presence of copious discharges from the nose and eyes, and by absence of ulcers in the abomasum and intestines of dead animals, though it can create confusion with rinderpest. The virus can be isolated when washed peripheral blood leukocytes are inoculated in calf thyroid cells. Cell free inocula do not yield virus. The cytopathic changes require at least 3 days to appear and several passages in cell culture are often necessary. They are characterized by syncytia formation and by the presence of typical herpesvirus intranuclear inclusion bodies.

Treatment, prevention and control: Symptomatic treatment helps in the natural process of recovery. At present, no effective vaccine is available for the prevention of the disease. Cattle serve as dead end hosts and susceptible animals pick up the infection from wild bovidae especially from nasal secretions of infected wild beast calves. Attempt to develop a vaccine have been unsuccessful so far.


Related Discussions:- Malignant catarrhal fever (mcf)

What is pre-requisites of counselling, Q. What is Pre-requisites of counsel...

Q. What is Pre-requisites of counselling? Pre-requisites of counselling are: 1. Facilities for counselling to be available for the patient near home or working place. 2.

Interior of the ventricles - heart, Each ventricle has an inflow part begin...

Each ventricle has an inflow part beginning just in front of the corresponding atrioventricular orifice and running forwards to the left towards the apex of the heart. The cavity t

Explain the simple interrupted technique of suturing, Simple interrupted te...

Simple interrupted technique of Suturing The simple loop is the most commonly used technique in dentistry and is routinely used to adapt tension free, mobile surgical flaps.

U, uses of conductometry in biological experiments

uses of conductometry in biological experiments

What was the case of phineas gage, What was the case of Phineas Gage S...

What was the case of Phineas Gage Some Procedures are not used experimentally on humans, but sometimes brain tissue is ablated for medical reasons such as the excision of tumo

What is meant by cellular secretion, What is meant by cellular secretion? ...

What is meant by cellular secretion? Cell secretion is the elimination to the exterior of substances formed by the cell (for instance, hormones, mucus, sweat, etc.)

Temperature - estuaries, Temperature - Estuaries Another importan...

Temperature - Estuaries Another important variable is temperature. The temperature of estuary keeps on fluctuating it heats up and cools down more rapidly under prevailin

What is meningitis, Q. What is meningitis? The Meningitis is the generi...

Q. What is meningitis? The Meningitis is the generic name given to inflammation of the meninges and membranes that cover the central nervous system. The Meningitis can have sev

Physical map, Physical map is the map of locations of the identifiable lan...

Physical map is the map of locations of the identifiable landmarks on DNA (for example restriction of the enzyme cutting sites, genes), regardless of their inheritance. Distance i

Explain about the weight cycling - energy balance, Explain about the Weight...

Explain about the Weight cycling - energy balance? There are a number of obese people who keep losing and gaining weight a number of times in their lives. This is called the Yo

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd