Maedi/visna, Biology

Assignment Help:

Maedi/visna

Maedi, a progressive pneumonia, and visna, a neurotropic disease, found in sheep and goats are caused by the Maedi/visna virus, belonging to the family Retroviridae. It is a zoonotic disease. The disease has not been reported from India.Epidemiology: The transmission of disease takes place through inhalation, drinking contaminated water and colostrum by young ones. The intrauterine transmission of  the virus has also been observed.

Clinical signs: Incubation period of over 2 years and has protracted clinical course lasting 6 months to several years.Maedi (progressive pneumonia): Progressive weight loss and dyspnoea, initially detected after exercise, and becomes more apparent over time. Affected sheep straggles, head jerking with inspiration and nostrils are flared. There may be nasal discharge and cough.


Visna: Weakness of the hindleg and stumbling. Progressive weight loss and trembling of facial muscels and limbs is seen leading to paraplegia.
Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed histopathology. Enzyme immunoassay, agar gel diffusion and syncytial plaque reduction assays are used for detection of antibodies. Western blotting is used for confirmation of the disease. Viral DNA is detected in cells by in situ hybridization or viral RNA amplification by RT-PCR.


Prevention and control: Slaughtering of sero-positive sheep is one of the approaches suggested for containing the infection. Dipping of sheep with acaricides and spraying in environment controls ticks.


Related Discussions:- Maedi/visna

Nutrition affecting the growth of microorganism, Q. Can Nutrition affecting...

Q. Can Nutrition affecting the growth of microorganism? Ans. Food is food to humans and microbes - be it carbohydrates, proteins or fats. The nutritional requirements of b

Drug interactions, Amiodarone, quinidine, propafenone, and verapamil may in...

Amiodarone, quinidine, propafenone, and verapamil may increase digoxin levels up to 100 per cent. It is prudent to measure a blood level after 7-14 days (and at least 6 hours after

What is the nitrogen waste in amphibian larvae, Q. What is the nitrogen was...

Q. What is the nitrogen waste in amphibian larvae and in the adult animal? The terrestrial adult excretes urea since amphibian larvae are aquatic they excrete ammonia.

What is the functional importance of structural difference, The vertebral ...

The vertebral bodies are much larger in the lower back than the neck. What is the functional significance of this structural difference?

Show the ph range of natural honey, Q. Show the pH range of natural honey? ...

Q. Show the pH range of natural honey? The pH of natural honey ranges from 3.4 to 6.1. Acidity of honey is primarily due to presence of acids such as gluconic acid, pyruvic a

Explain the drug effects on absorption of nutrients, Explain the Drug Effec...

Explain the Drug Effects on Absorption of Nutrients? Many drugs can impair, prevent or reduce absorption of nutrients due to: Formation of insoluble complexes: many drugs

Define reduction of blood lipids, Define Reduction of blood lipids? Thi...

Define Reduction of blood lipids? This effect have been especially observed with saponins. Diets containing saponin-rich foods (300-500 mg saponins/day) e.g. soya, alfalfa, chi

What are the three main types of nitrogen wastes, What are the three main t...

What are the three main types of nitrogen wastes excreted by living beings? The major nitrogen wastes excreted by living beings are ammonia, uric acid and urea. Living beings t

Explain working of dietitians and nutritionists, Dietitians and nutritionis...

Dietitians and nutritionists Dietitians and nutritionists, who are associated with hospitals and clinics generally have regular work hours. At times, they may be required to wo

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd