Lumpy skin disease, Biology

Assignment Help:

Lumpy skin disease

The disease, reported from Sudan in 1970 and Egypt in 1988, is caused by a member of the Capripox virus. It affects cattle and is restricted to African countries, viz. South Africa and parts of Central and Eastern Africa. A single outbreak was reported from outside Africa, i.e. from Israel in 1989.

Epidemiology: Lumpy skin disease affects cattle breeds derived from both Bos taurus and Bos indicus. The disease was first recognized in an extensive epidemic in Zamtea in 1929. Morbidity in susceptible herds can be as high as 100% but mortality is rarely more than 1-2%. It is possible that the virus is transmitted mechanically between cattle and biting insects with the virus being perpetuated in a wildlife reservoir host, possibly African cape buffalo. The disease is characterized by fever and appearance of nodular lesions in various parts of the body.

Symptoms and diagnosis: The lesions may appear in the mouth, nares, lungs and alimentar y tra ct. B eside s lymphade nitis, oe dema of limbs may also oc cur. Lachrymation, nasal discharge and loss of appetite are the main features in the affected cattle. Healing process is slow. Mortality is low and is in the range of 1-2%.

Treatment, prevention and control: Two vaccines are currently available; a live- attenuated vaccine in South Africa and a field strain of sheep pox virus propagated in tissue culture in Kenya. African buffalo seems to serve as a reservoir for the virus and importation of wild ruminants from endemic zones to the zoological parks outside Africa should be strictly avoided.


Related Discussions:- Lumpy skin disease

What is replication, Question 1 Write a short note on the following- ...

Question 1 Write a short note on the following- Structure of DNA. Satellite DNA Transcription. pBR 322 vector Cytokines Microarrays Question 2 What is

Aquatic ecosystem - types of ecosystem, Aquatic Ecosystem - Types of Ecosys...

Aquatic Ecosystem - Types of Ecosystem Global waters cover about three quarters of the earth's surface either as fresh water where salt content is less than 0.5 per cent or as

From which floral structure do fruits come, From which floral structure do ...

From which floral structure do fruits come? Fruits are customized ovaries of the flowers.

Define stress factors - etiological risk factors in cancer, Define Stress F...

Define Stress Factors - Etiological Risk Factors in Cancer? Emotions playing a part in malignancy are not a new idea. But these relationships are extremely difficult to measure

Criteria for identifying biodiversity hot spots, A simple method used to id...

A simple method used to identify areas of high conservation priority is the selection of countries according to highest species richness. Among the top 12 countries identified this

Define criteria for assessment of riboflavin status, Define Criteria for As...

Define Criteria for Assessment of Riboflavin Status? Riboflavin status can be assessed by measuring urinary excretion of the vitamin in fasting, random, and 24-hour specimens o

Explain fosamprenavir calcium, Explain Fosamprenavir calcium It is a pr...

Explain Fosamprenavir calcium It is a prodrug of amprenavir, was recently approved by the FDA for use in HAART. In patients who have not lastly been treated with a protease inh

Write the chain structure of d galactose and d mannose, Write the chain str...

Write the chain structure of D galactose and D mannose? The ring form of ribose is a component of ribonucleic acid (RNA). Deoxyribose, which is missing an oxygen at positi

Define larval stages of fasciola hepatica fasciola hapatica, Define the Lar...

Define the Larval stages of fasciola hepatica? Fasciola hapatica reproduces both sexual and asexually. Cross-fertilization is of common occurrence. Copulation takes place in t

Estimate daily energy requirement and safe protein intake, Estimate Daily e...

Estimate Daily energy requirement and safe protein intake? The estimated mean daily per capita energy requirement of 2070 Kcal rounded up  to 2100 Kcal is based on WHO technica

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd