Lumpy skin disease, Biology

Assignment Help:

Lumpy skin disease


The disease, reported from Sudan in 1970 and Egypt in 1988, is caused by a member of the Capripox virus. It affects cattle and is restricted to African countries, viz. South Africa and parts of Central and Eastern Africa. A single outbreak was reported from outside Africa, i.e. from Israel in 1989.


Epidemiology: Lumpy skin disease affects cattle breeds derived from both Bos taurus and Bos indicus. The disease was first recognized in an extensive epidemic in Zamtea in 1929. Morbidity in susceptible herds can be as high as 100% but mortality is rarely more than 1-2%. It is possible that the virus is transmitted mechanically between cattle and biting insects with the virus being perpetuated in a wildlife reservoir  host, possibly African cape buffalo. The disease is characterized by fever and appearance of nodular lesions in various parts of the body.


Symptoms and diagnosis: The lesions may appear in the mouth, nares, lungs and alimentar y tra ct. B eside s lymphade nitis, oe dema of limbs may also oc cur. Lachrymation, nasal discharge and loss of appetite are the main features in the affected cattle. Healing process is slow. Mortality is low and is in the range of 1-2%. Treatment, prevention and control: Two vaccines are currently available; a live- attenuated vaccine in South Africa and a field strain of sheep pox virus propagated in tissue culture in Kenya. African buffalo seems to serve as a reservoir for the virus and importation of wild ruminants from endemic zones to the zoological parks outside Africa should be strictly avoided.


Related Discussions:- Lumpy skin disease

Photosynthesis., what carbohydrates does a plant make from glucose

what carbohydrates does a plant make from glucose

What are some prophylactic measures against ascariasis, Q. What are some pr...

Q. What are some prophylactic measures against ascariasis? The major prophylactic measures against ascariasis are: efficient washing of vegetables and other foods base sanitary

Calcium - mineral elements, CALCIUM It is the most abundant mineral of...

CALCIUM It is the most abundant mineral of animal body. Calcium is available in all types of vegetables, grain, milk, cheese, eggs, fish and butter. By its deficiency r

Why is the fish circulation classified as simple circulation, Why is the fi...

Why is the fish circulation classified as a simple and complete circulation? Complete circulation is that in which there is no mixture of venous blood and arterial blood. As ci

Congestive heart failure, In native-valve IE, acute CHF occurs more frequen...

In native-valve IE, acute CHF occurs more frequently in aortic-valve infections (29 per cent) than with mitral (20 per cent) or tricuspid disease (8 per cent). CHF may develop acut

Physical map, Physical map is the map of locations of the identifiable lan...

Physical map is the map of locations of the identifiable landmarks on DNA (for example restriction of the enzyme cutting sites, genes), regardless of their inheritance. Distance i

Do octopus and squids have exoskeleton, Do octopus and squids have exoskele...

Do octopus and squids have exoskeleton? Octopus and squids normally do not produce external shell (some squid species can have an internal shell). One cephalopod group, the nau

Explain nutrient and storage proteins, Nutrient and Storage proteins Th...

Nutrient and Storage proteins These proteins store amino acids. Ovalbumin is the protein of egg white, used as an amino acid source for the developing embryo. Casein, the prote

What are heterochromatin and euchromatin, Chromatin is uncondensed nuclear ...

Chromatin is uncondensed nuclear DNA, the typical DNA morphology in interphase (the phase of the cell cycle in which the cells is not separating itself). In this phase of the cell

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd