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Prove that a relation which is 4NF must be BCNF. Ans Let R be in 4NF. Suppose it is not in BCNF. Hence, there exists an FD X→Y in R such that x is not a super key. Although
Define lock? Lock is the most common used to execute the requirement is to permit a transaction to access a data item only if it is currently holding a lock on that item.
Design an algorithm to implement operations Each and every operation specified in the functional model could be formulated as an algorithm. The algorithm indicates how operat
Normalize the given relation to 3NF, justifying each step
System R was developed and designed over a period of 1974-79 at IBM San Jose Research Company. Its purpose was to illustrate that it is possible to create a Relational System tha
How the time stamps are implemented Use the value of the system clock as the time stamp. That is a transaction's time stamp is equivalent to the value of the clock when the tra
Explain Domain calculus Domain calculus is one of the types of the relational calculus. The formal specification of the domain calculus was planned after the development of the
Create table employee and enter employee data in SQL? Consider the following relational schemas: EMPLOYEE (EMPLOYEE_NAME, STREET, CITY) WORKS (EMPLOYEE_NAME, COMPANYNAME, SAL
What is aggregate function? Briefly describe it? Aggregate functions are functions that take a collection of values as input and return a one value. SQL offers 5 built-in aggre
Shared lock or Read Lock It is requested by a transaction that needs to just read the value of data item. A shared lock on a data item does not permit an exclusive lock
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