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Logic GATES

  Logic gates process one or more input signals in a logical manner. Depending on the voltage or input value, the logic gate will either output a value of '1' for (HIGH) or a value of '0' for (LOW). Logic Gates allow simplification of circuit operation.

 How does "AND" gate work?

An 'AND' gate is like two or more switches placed in series. All the switches have to be closed (or a value of '1') in order to make the light (output) turn on. If all inputs are not on, the output is (LOW).

Note for the above two-input AND gate, output Z is high only when inputs A and B are high; Z is low when either A and B is low, or when both of them are low. (   Thomas, L Floyd 2006, digital fundamental 9^th edition)