Lipid Case Study #1 (40 points), Case Study

KB is a 14 year old girl on vacation with her parents in Jamaica. She was brought into the emergency room because she had a convulsion after an all-day tour with her parents. She had no prior history of convulsions. Her parents said she had tried some new foods, including an unripened Ackee-Ackee fruit. Unripe Ackee-Ackee fruit contains a toxin that inactivates carnitine. A blood test revealed hypoglycemia (36 mg/dL), a high level of fatty acids, and a very low level of ketoacids

1. Beginning with the entry of fatty acid into target cells, describe in detail how inactivation of carnitine can lead to a high level of fatty acids in the blood.
2. Explain why KB has a low level of serum ketoacids? (4 points)

3. Carnitine activity may also be impaired be deficiency of what vitamin? (2 points)

4. Explain the vitamin’s role (listed in 2) in carnitine activity? (4 points)

5a. Deficiency of what mineral would also impair carnitine activity? (2 points)

5b. How does the mineral listed in 4a impair carnitine activity? (2 points)

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