Leakages in multiplier, Macroeconomics

Assignment Help:

In real life, the operation of simple multiplier is affected by many leakages. Leakages in the multiplier arise out of the following reasons:

(1) Saving: If all the income is spent on consumption, then every increase in investment will raise the level of income. But, if a large proportion of the income is kept as saving, it will certainly have different effect on the intensity of multiplier.

(2) Debt Cancellation: If the people use a large proportion of their income in debt repayment, they will have smaller amount of income left for consumption. As a result, marginal propensity to consume falls and the value of multiplier also goes down.

(3) Imports: If the imports of a country exceed its exports a large portion of the national income will go to foreigners. Consequently, the multiplier effect of this expenditure is transmitted abroad. In such a situation, any increase in the investment will not increase the level of income in the economy.

(4) Price Inflation: When the economic reaches the full employment level or very close to it, every increase in investment will bring about a simultaneous increase in the price level. A large portion of incremental income will be spent in buying costly things; therefore, the intensity of multiplier becomes weak.

(5) Liquidity preference: People keep a part of their money income in liquid form. Liquidity preference reduces the present level of consumption of the community; as a result, the multiplier loses its strength. 


Related Discussions:- Leakages in multiplier

Taxation, with reference to incidence of taxation, explain with the help of...

with reference to incidence of taxation, explain with the help of a diagrams, who bears the incidence of taxation when the demand for a commodity is (i)perfectly inelastic (ii) uni

Granger causality, With the aim of this project to observe the impact of oi...

With the aim of this project to observe the impact of oil price shocks on macroeconomic indicators, testing for causality between these variables will establish whether or not, oil

MR, Question 1: Consider a two-period, two-person pure exchange economy. Ut...

Question 1: Consider a two-period, two-person pure exchange economy. Utility functions and endowments are given as follows. u1(x0; x1) = (x0x1)2 and e1 = (18; 4) u2(x0; x1) = ln x0

Large department store, Suppose in a large department store, the average nu...

Suppose in a large department store, the average number of shoppers is 448, with a standard deviation of 21 shoppers. We are interested in the probability that a random sample of 4

Difference between Quantitative Easing and Monetary Policy, Why is quantita...

Why is quantitative easing used during liquidity trap when it lowers interest rates too?

What is net present worth for new computer system, Kermit is considering pu...

Kermit is considering purchasing a new computer system. The purchase price is $106,430. Kermit will borrow one-fourth of the purchase price from a bank at 10 percent per year compo

State about the United States government bonds, State about the unitesd sta...

State about the unitesd state government bonds In most countries, you find government bonds with longer maturity. For example, in the United States you have Treasury notes (two

Interest rate effect, Could you explain the "interest rate effect" in terms...

Could you explain the "interest rate effect" in terms of the slope of a curve?

What is monetary base, What is Monetary base The monetary base is defin...

What is Monetary base The monetary base is defined as the total value of all currency (banknotes and coins) outside the central bank and commercial banks' (net) reserves with t

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd