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Iterative Control: LOOP StatementsThe LOOP statement executes a series of statements multiple times. There are 3 forms of LOOP statements: LOOP, WHILE-LOOP, & FOR-LOOP.LOOPThe simplest form of the LOOP statement is the basic loop that encloses a series of statements between the keywords LOOP and END LOOP which is as shown:LOOPsequence_of_statementsEND LOOP;With each of the iteration of the loop, the series of statements is executed, then the control resumes at the top of the loop. If extra processing is undesirable or impossible, you may use an EXIT statement to complete the loop. You may place one or more EXIT statements wherever inside a loop, but nowhere outside a loop. There are 2 forms of EXIT statements: EXIT and EXIT-WHEN.
Use the NOCOPY Compiler Hint By default, the OUT and IN OUT parameters are passed by the value i.e. the value of an IN OUT actual parameter is copied into the corresponding fo
SQL Functions The PL/SQL uses all the SQL functions involving the following aggregate functions that summarize the whole columns of the Oracle data: GROUPING, AVG, COUNT, STDDE
CLOSE Statement The CLOSE statement allows the resources held by a cursor variable or open cursor to be reused. No more rows can be fetched from the cursor variable or closed
Advantages of Wrapping The PL/SQL Wrapper convert the PL/SQL source code into a transitional form of the object code. By hiding the application internals, the Wrapper secure
Avoiding Collection Exceptions In many cases, if you reference a nonexistent collection element, then PL/SQL raises a predefined exception. Consider the illustration shown b
Keyword and Parameter Description: label_name: This is an undeclared identifier which optionally labels the PL/SQL block. When used, label_name should be enclosed by the do
Naming Conventions The similar naming conventions apply to all PL/SQL program items and units including the variables, cursors, constants, cursor variables, procedures, exception
Using a Join on 2 tables, select all columns and all rows from the tables without the use of a Cartesian product. Query: SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE1 JOIN CONTRACT ON EMPLOYEE
Fetching with a Cursor The FETCH statements retrieve the rows in the result set one at a time. After each and every fetch, the cursor advance to the next row in the result set
Remote Operations: As the illustration shows below, the PL/SQL subprograms can execute the dynamic SQL statements which refer to the objects on a remote database: PROCEDURE
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