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IRET : Return from ISR:-
When an interrupt service routine is called, before transferring control to it, the IP, CS register and flag registers are stored in the stack to mention the location from where the execution is to be continued, after the ISR is executed. Hence, in the ending of each ISR, when IRET is executed, the values of IP, CS register and flags are retrieved from the stack to continue the execution of the main program. The stack is modified consequently.
LOOP : Loop Unconditionally:-
This instruction executes the part of the program from the address or label mention in the instruction up to the loop instruction, CX number of times. Following sequence describe the execution. On every iteration, register CX is decremented automatically. In other terms, this instruction implements JUMF IF NOT ZERO and DECREMENT COUNTER structure.
The execution proceeds in the sequence, after the loop is executed, CX number of times. Lf CX is already OOH, the execution continues in sequence. Flags are remaining unaffected by this instruction.
Execution Unit (EU) and Bus Interface Unit (BIU) : 8086 consist of two processors called EU and BIU. Two Processors can work parallel. This improves speed of execution. BIU fi
Intel 8259 interrupt controller : The 8088 processor has only two interrupt control inputs, and interrupt request (INTR) and non mask able interrupt (NMI). NMI are interrupts t
RISC Characteristics : The concept of RISC architecture include an attempt to reduce execution time by make simple the instruction set of the computer. The main c
1 st Generation Microprocessor : At the end of the 70s a group of engineers developed a chip is able to processing data. This chip was called processor chip. Big processors w
1. Write an assembly program that adds the elements in the odd indices of the following array. Use LOOP. What is the final value in the register? array1 DWORD 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 6
This is a short program to practice assembly language loops and if/else statements. You will use various jump commands and the cmp instruction. The program will generate a random
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The main objective of the assignment is to explore the knowledge regarding parallel ports of a computer system. You can read and write datato/from the parallel port using IN and OU
END : END of Program:- The END directive marks the ending of the assembly language program. When the assembler comes across this END directive, it avoided the source lines avai
Assembler Directives and Operators The major advantage of machine language programming is directly that the memory control is in the hands of the programmer, so that, he can be
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