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The contribution of ionic polarization takes account of the fact that when in a molecule some of the atoms have an excess positive or negative charge (resulting from the ionic character of the bonds),an electric field tend to shift positive ions relative to negative ones. This leads to an induced moment of other origin from the moment induced by electron clouds shifting relative to nuclei. In this case a solid material should have some ionic character. It then automatically has internal dipoles, exactly cancels each other and is unable to rotate. The external field them induces net dipoles by slightly displacing the ions from their rest position. The paradigmatic materials are simple ionic crystal like NaCl. The polarization of a given volume, though, is exactly zero as for every dipole moment there is a neighbouring one with exactly the same magnitude, but with opposite sign. Note that the dipoles cannot dipoles, their direction is permanent. In electric field, the ions feel forces in opposite directions. The Na+ ions moved a bit to the right, the Chlorine ions to the lift. The dipoles moments between adjacent NaCl pairs in field direction are now different and there is a net dipole moment in a finite volume now. It can be observed that it is enough to take one dipole in field direction.
In laboratory frame of reference, particle A moves along X direction with velocity 0.5 c and particle B moves along Y direction with velocity 0.4 c. Evaluate velocity of particle B
Cathode rays are : (1)Protons (2)Electrons (3)Neutrons (4)alfa -particles Ans; (2)Electrons
#question.1) [chp 2; NC] You drop a superball from your dormitory window, a height, h=30 m, above the ground. 1 s after this your friend shoots a superball straight upward toward t
Advantages of A.C. transmission of power 1. The power can be produced at high voltages. 2. The maintenance of a.c. sub-stations is simple and cheaper. 3. The a.c. voltage
SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS: A group of metallic materials that can return to some previously defined shape or size when subjected to the appropriate thermal producer. That is to say, s
Two identical particles every having a charge of 1.0 coulombs are separated by 2.0 meters. What is the electric potential because of the pair of charged particles at the point midw
i. Open System - Here the system boundary is like energy and matter can enter or leave the system freely. Infect the system boundary here is imaginary. ii.Closed System - Here t
A 100V battery is linked across a resistor and causes a current of 5mA to ?ow. Verify the resistance of the resistor. If the voltage is now decreased to 25V, what will be t
1. The probability of dissociation of water into H + and OH - , to a good approximation, can be characterized by the Boltzmann distribution: W ≈ e -Eα/ KT If, at 27°C, 1.
Draw and explain V-I characteristics of constant voltage and constant current sources. Ans: V-I Characteristics of Constant Voltage Source: A voltage source that has very low
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