Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Q. Investigation of Tricuspid regurgitation by Echo Doppler?
Investigations
ECG in secondary TR shows evidence of right atrial overload and right ventricular hypertrophy with right axis QRS deviation. Chest X-ray shows evidence of right atrial enlargement and right ventricular type of cardiomegaly.
Echo Doppler Evaluation
Echocardiographic examination clarifies the diagnosis, etiology and severity of tricuspid regurgitation. Right atrial and ventricular dilatation depend upon severity of TR. High pressure TR may be associated with near normal size of RA and RV. Severe organic TR may be present with normal RV systolic pressure. In volume overload of RV, IVS shows a paradoxical motion in late systole while in pressure overload of RV, IVS motion is paradoxical in early systole. Inter atrial septum may be pushed to left side. There is no simple and reliable formula to calculate right ventricular ejection fraction and one has to depend upon suggestive visual impression. Color flow imaging shows the severity of TR and continuous wave Doppler imaging measures the TR jet velocity from which RV-RA systolic pressure gradient is calculated. Addition of estimated RA pressure to this gradient gives right ventricular systolic pressure. The following criteria suggest severe tricuspid regurgitation: A color flow regurgitant jet area > 30 per cent RA area, dense continuous wave Doppler signal annulus dilatation with incomplete leaflet coaptation, increased tricuspid inflow velocity [E-wave >1.0 m/sec], systolic flow reversal in the hepatic vein. Trivial to mild TR may be seen in echocardiogram of up to 65 per cent of normal subjects and these are of no clinical significance.
Q. Management of Constipation? You must have realized by now that proper dietary and lifestyle management can help in maintaining the normal bowel movements to a great extent.
Definition and applications
How is the nervous system of molluscs organized? Molluscs have well-developed sensory structures. It is established that cephalopods, such as squid and octopus, have eyes with
Define some Usual Doubts of Children related to Food? Before embarking yourself to go through this unit, here is an activity for you to perform, Talk to 2-3 school' boys and gi
What is the structure that maintains identical chromatids bound? Ans) The structure that handles identical chromatids bound is the centromere.
How can the fact that fishes and dolphins have similar organs and similar general shape be explained? Dolphins and Fishes have similar organs and shape because although they ha
Studying a single rock Select a single rock and try to learn as more as possible about it from careful observation. If it is flat, it is probably a piece or layer from Sediment
Explain the Digestibility Coefficient? You have earlier learnt that dietary proteins are hydrolyzed to amino acids during digestion. The digestion begins in the stomach by the
Reproductive tract infections The major cause of reproductive tract infections are, improper dry cow nutrition, contamination at calving due to unsanitary calving area; virule
Clostridium perfringens infections Cl. perfringens is a rod-shaped, spore-bearing anaerobic organism. It is capsulated and non-motile. A characteristic feature of the organism
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +1-415-670-9521
Phone: +1-415-670-9521
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd