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We will brie?y introduce paging to ?nish off this lecture. When a process is loaded, not all of the pages are immediately loaded, since it's possible that they will not all be needed, and memory is a scarce resource. The process' virtual memory address space is broken up into pages, and pages which are valid addresses are either loaded or not loaded. When the MMU encounters a virtual address which is valid but not loaded (or "resident") in memory, then the MMU issues a pagefault to the operating system. The OS will then load the page from disk into RAM, and then let the MMU continue with its address translation. Since access times for RAM are measured in nanoseconds, and access times for disks are measured in milliseconds, excessive pagefaults will clearly hurt performance a lot.
Compare contiguous-memory allocation with pure paging in the following aspects: 1. In support of dynamic memory allocation: most systems allow programs to allocate more memory t
What is reference string We evaluate an algorithm by running it on a definite string of memory reference and computing the number of page faults. The string of memory reference
What is the use of inter process communication. Inter process communication gives a mechanism to allow the co-operating process to communicate with each other and synchronies t
What is the purpose of system programs? System programs can be thought of as bundles of useful system calls. They give basic functionality to users and so users do not require
What is a Latency Time Latency Time is the time required through a sector to reach below read/write head.
how response times are reduced by allowing time sharing on top of multiprogramming
What is segmentation? In a segmented memory management scheme a programmer views a program to be collection of program components called as segments. Every segment is a logical
The objects that a program can access directly are those objects which are referenced by local vari-ables on the processor stack, or by any global/static variables that refer to ob
Explain the steps in deadlock recovery. a) Exterminate off all processes involved - drastic. b) Exterminate off one at a time till deadlock gone - select a victim.
explain goals of system software
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