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We will brie?y introduce paging to ?nish off this lecture. When a process is loaded, not all of the pages are immediately loaded, since it's possible that they will not all be needed, and memory is a scarce resource. The process' virtual memory address space is broken up into pages, and pages which are valid addresses are either loaded or not loaded. When the MMU encounters a virtual address which is valid but not loaded (or "resident") in memory, then the MMU issues a pagefault to the operating system. The OS will then load the page from disk into RAM, and then let the MMU continue with its address translation. Since access times for RAM are measured in nanoseconds, and access times for disks are measured in milliseconds, excessive pagefaults will clearly hurt performance a lot.
COMBINED ULT/KLT APPROACHES Idea is to merge the best of both approaches Solaris is an illustration of an OS that combines both ULT and KLT Thread creation complete i
FIRST FIT ALGORITHM Scanning a list along with if a free hole is available with necessary space for the process to allocate it allocates the process in that space. The first s
What is banker's algorithm? Banker's algorithm is a deadlock avoidance algorithm that is applicable to a resource-allocation system with multiple examples of each resource type
Forking is an important phase of Unix, critical to the support of its design strategies, which encourages the implementation of filters. In Unix, a filter is a process that reads i
Determine a policy that is not a valid page replacement policy? RU policy (Recurrently used) is not a valid page replacement policy.
What are the benefits of multithreaded programming? The advantages of multithreaded programming can be broken down into four main categories: Responsiveness Resourc
Under what circumstances would a user be better off using a time-sharing system, rather than a personal computer or single-user workstation? When there are some other users, th
What is a client server system? Centralized systems proceed as server systems to satisfy request generated by client systems Server system is able to be broadly div
Problem 1. What is kernel? What are the main components of a kernel? Defining Kernel Explaining Main components of Kernel 2. What is mutual exclusion? What are i
Deadlock Prevention Prevention is the name given to method that guarantee that deadlocks can never happen for the reason that the way the system is structured. Since 4 conditio
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