Intel architecture – 64, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

IA-64 (Intel Architecture-64) is a 64-bit processor architecture created in cooperation by Hewlett-Packard and Intel applied by processors like Itanium. The objective of Itanium was to create a 'post-RISC era' architecture employing EPIC (Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing).

1 EPIC Architecture

In this system a complex decoder system inspects every instruction as it flows by pipeline and sees that which is able to be fed off to function in parallel across available execution units for example a series of instructions for executing computations.

 A = B + C and

 D = F + G

These would be independent of one another and won't affect one another and so they can be fed in 2 numerous execution units and run in parallel. The capability to extract instruction level parallelism (ILP) from instruction stream is necessary for high-quality performance in a modern CPU.

Forecasting which code can and which cannot be divide up this way is a exceptionally complicated task. In many cases inputs to one line are dependent on output from another however only if some other condition is true. For illustration Think about slight modification of illustration noted before A = B + C IF A==5 THEN D = F + G. In this case calculations stay independent of other however second command needs results from first calculation in order to know if it must be run at all.

In these cases circuitry on CPU generally 'guesses' what condition will be. In something such as 90% of all cases an IF would be taken suggesting that in our illustration second half of command can be safely fed in another core. But getting guess wrong can cause a important performance hit when result has to be thrown out in addition CPU waits for results of 'right' command to be computed. Much of improving performance of modern CPUs is because of better prediction logic however recently improvements have begun to slow. Branch prediction accurateness has reached figures in excess of 98% in recent Intel architectures and raising this figure can only be attained by devoting more CPU die space to branch predictor a self-defeating tactic since it will make CPU more costly to manufacture.

IA-64 instead depends on compiler for this task. Even before program is fed in CPU compiler inspects code and makes same sorts of decisions which would otherwise happen at 'run time' on chip itself. Once it has determined what paths to take it collects up instructions it knows can be run in parallel and bundles them in one larger instruction and then stores it in that form in program.


Related Discussions:- Intel architecture – 64

Measuring and improving cache performance, Measuring and Improving Cache Pe...

Measuring and Improving Cache Performance: 1. Reduce the possibility that 2 different memory block will contend for the similar cache location 2. Additional cache levels

Define a console-program to make an array of integers, Define a console-pro...

Define a console-program to make an array of integers. Initialize the array and assign the values in array. Describe a method to pass the array and alter array elements. show array

Hybrid model, The hybrid models are mostly tailormade models suiting to exa...

The hybrid models are mostly tailormade models suiting to exact applications. Actually these fall in the category of mixed models. Such type of application-oriented models keep cro

Execution of micro-program, The micro-instruction cycle can comprises two b...

The micro-instruction cycle can comprises two basic cycles: the fetch and execute. Here in the fetch cycle address of micro-instruction is produced and this micro-instruction is pu

Disadvantages of asynchronous and synchronous reset, What are disadvantages...

What are disadvantages of the asynchronous reset and synchronous reset? Disadvantages of asynchronous reset: Make sure that the release of the reset can arise within one c

Explain the race condition, Explain the Race Condition The situation wh...

Explain the Race Condition The situation where various processes access - and manipulate shared data concurrently. The final value of the shared data relies upon which process

How to reduce total amount of disk space in ftp, Q. How to reduce total amo...

Q. How to reduce total amount of disk space in FTP? FTP service compress files to reduce total amount of disk space the files require. Before transferring a file user should te

Illustrate the advantages of encapsulation, Advantages of Encapsulation ...

Advantages of Encapsulation You can also delay the resolution of the details until after the design.  You can keep your code modular.

the three main components of linq, What are the three main components of L...

What are the three main components of LINQ or Language Integrated Query? Ans) 1. Standard Query Operators 2. Language Extensions 3. LINQ Providers

What is the significance of asp.net routing, ASP.NET MVC uses ASP.NET routi...

ASP.NET MVC uses ASP.NET routing, to map incoming browser requests to controller action process. ASP.NET Routing makes use of route table. Route table is formed when your web appli

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd