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Insulation between conceptual and physical structures
It can be defined as:
1. The Database Administrator should be capable to vary the storage structures without affecting users' views.
2. The internal structure of the database should be unaffected by the varies to the physical aspects of the storage, like changing to a new storage device.
3. The DBA should be able to vary the conceptual structure of the database without affecting all users.
1.Suppose you are given a dataset that consists of a random sample of tasters, on which the following variables were obtained: (y) Zpref = taste preference for green beans store
System R was developed and designed over a period of 1974-79 at IBM San Jose Research Company. Its purpose was to illustrate that it is possible to create a Relational System tha
Consider the relations City (city_name, state) Hotel (name, address) City_hotel (hotel_name, city_name, owner) Answer the following queries in relational algebra (i) Find
what are the states of transaction?
What is vertical fragmentation? Vertical fragmentation divides the relation by decomposing the scheme R of relation r.
How is concurrency identified? Concurrency in objects can be identified by the way they alter their state. Current objects can change their state independently. Aggregation imp
write a short note on participation role? Participation role: roles are indicating in E-R diagram by labelling the lines that connect diamonds to rectangles.
what is multivalued dependency
statical data
Increases efficiency : Data is stored close to most often used site, therefore retrieval would be faster. Also, data that is not required by local applications is not stored, there
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