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Insulation between conceptual and physical structures
It can be defined as:
1. The Database Administrator should be capable to vary the storage structures without affecting users' views.
2. The internal structure of the database should be unaffected by the varies to the physical aspects of the storage, like changing to a new storage device.
3. The DBA should be able to vary the conceptual structure of the database without affecting all users.
intent locking
Given the following relations TRAIN (NAME, START, DEST) TICKET (PNRNO., START, DEST, FARE) PASSENGER (NAME, ADDRESS, PNRNO.) Write SQL expressions for the following queries: No
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How external/conceptual mapping and conceptual /internal mapping is performed
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What is a hashing function? What are the properties of a good hashing function? Describe the folding technique for hashing functions. Ans: Hashing function is a method
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Software failures : In such cases, a software error abruptly stops the implementation of the current transaction (or all transactions), therefore leading to losing the state of pr
What is the difference between link and reference? The fundamental difference between links and references is that links are symmetrical on the other hand references refer only
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