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Insulation between conceptual and physical structures
It can be defined as:
1. The Database Administrator should be capable to vary the storage structures without affecting users' views.
2. The internal structure of the database should be unaffected by the varies to the physical aspects of the storage, like changing to a new storage device.
3. The DBA should be able to vary the conceptual structure of the database without affecting all users.
Describe entity referential integrity and integrity. Give an example of each. Entity Integrity Rule - If there is a attribute A of relation R is a prime attribute of R then A
It can be easily defined as: The database must not have any unmatched foreign key values. The term "unmatched foreign key value" means a foreign key value for which there doe
what is meant semantic query optimization? how does it differ from other query optimization techniques?
Improved Reliability: In a centralised DBMS, a server failure stops the operations of the DBMS. Though, a failure at single site of a DDBMS, or a failure of a communication link cr
Explain Recursive relationship type? Recursive relationship type: A recursive relationship is one in that the similar entity participates more than once in the relationship
Define null values. In some cases a certain entity may not have an applicable value for an attribute or if we do not know the value of an attribute for a certain entity. In the
Increased overheads on update : On the drawbacks side, it will need the system to ensure that all replicas of a relation are consistent. This shows that all the replicas of the rel
4. Describe three ways to handle missing field values
Do the 11.1 11.1 Credit Card Use. Consider the following hypothetical bank data on consumers’ use of credit card credit facilities in Table 11.3. Create a small worksheet in Exce
What is the aim of object design The aim of object design is to identify object which the system contains and the interactions among them. The system implements specification
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