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INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION:
This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL.
The FILE-CONTROL is used almost in every program. Below are some of the entries of the FILE-CONTROL paragraph. The Input-Output section is elective in many computers.
Non numeric: The nonnumeric literal is used in normal to output messages or headings. The Characters which are enclosed between " " constitute nonnumeric literal. The maximum
LEVEL NUMBERS: The COBOL makes use of the level number concept to explain the hierarchical data structure. A level number is a 2 digit number. The permitted level numbers a
Example of Perform statement: PERFORM BEGIN-CALCULATION THRU END-CALCULATION. Assume, BEGIN-CALCULATION and END-CALCULTION is paragraph names. The execution of the PERFORM
PROGRAMS FOR REDEFINES CLAUSE: We have to write a simple program to explain the REDEFINES clause at 01 level. identification division. program- id. Redef. environment
Minus sign - edit characters for numeric data: The minus sign can appear either at the leftmost or rightmost location of the picture. If an item is negative, a minus sign will
Examples - Edit characters for numeric data: The following illustration illustrates the use of Z editing characters. The character b is used to indicate the space character an
SEQUENTIAL FILES WITH THE VARIABLE-LENGTH RECORDS: The Magnetic - tape or disk files can hold variable-length records. In this situation the file can have records with various
Encryption and Decryption
UPDATING OF THE RELATIVE AND INDEXED FILES: The Sequential files are updated by creating a new master file from an existing old master file and a transaction file. Such an Upda
PROCEDURE DIVISION statements for the relative files: The statements OPEN, CLOSE, READ, WRITE and REWRITE that are available for sequential files are also available for the re
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