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INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION:
This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL.
The FILE-CONTROL is used almost in every program. Below are some of the entries of the FILE-CONTROL paragraph. The Input-Output section is elective in many computers.
RELATIONAL CONDITION: We know that a relational condition specifies a comparison between two operands and has the form. Operand-1 relational-operator operand-2
WRITE STATEMENT: The records are written to be logical place as determined from the value of the record key. The INVALID KEY condition occurs in the cases shown below: (i)
Valid and Invalid Word - Cobol words: Valid Word Invalid Word & Reason emp-sal -pay ( it starts with a hyphen) TOTAL MARK (blank space em
RULES FOR OCCURS CLAUSE: The rules apply for the OCCURS clause and the subscripts are as shown below. (1) The integer in the OCCURS clause should be a positive integer.
ARITHMETIC VERBS: Most of the problems need some computations to be performed on the input or intermediate data that are numeric in nature. The Arithmetic verbs are used to pe
What is the difference b/w index and subscript? Subscript indicates to the array occurrence whereas index is the displacement (in no of bytes) from the beginning of the array.
Data Names and Identifiers: The Data name provides reference to the storage space in the memory where the real value is stored. This value takes part in the operation whene
Rules for constructing an Arithmetic Expression: The rules for constructing an arithmetic expression are as shown below: (i) When an arithmetic expression specifies a calcu
PERFORM WITH UNTIL OPTION: The format is as shown below: Illustration: A) Perform p-3 until i > 5. Here p-3 will be executed whenever i B) Perform p-2 thru
FILE DESCRIPTION- FIXED-LENGTH RECORDS: The normal characteristics of a file are explained in the file description (FD) entry of the DATA DIVISION.
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