Input-output section - cobol programming, COBOL Programming

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INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION:

This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL.

The FILE-CONTROL is used almost in every program. Below are some of the entries of the FILE-CONTROL paragraph. The Input-Output section is elective in many computers.

 


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Common form of the read statements, Common form of the READ statements: ...

Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,

File activity, File Activity: The file activity is a measure of the pr...

File Activity: The file activity is a measure of the proportion of records processed during an update run. Therefore we define the activity ration as shown below. Activi

Simple merge verb, SIMPLE MERGE VERB: Like sorting, the merging of fil...

SIMPLE MERGE VERB: Like sorting, the merging of files is often required in different commercial application. It is likely to merge two or more files with the help of one MERGE

Rewrite statement - indexed files, REWRITE STATEMENT: As in the situat...

REWRITE STATEMENT: As in the situation of a relative file, the REWRITE statement needs that the file should be opened in the I-O mode, and if the SEQENTIAL access mode is spec

File description for the relative and indexed files, File Description for t...

File Description for the Relative and Indexed Files: The FD entry for a relative or an indexed file is similar to that of a sequential file. Some compilers do not permit varia

Program for subtract verb, PROGRAM FOR SUBTRACT VERB: We have to write...

PROGRAM FOR SUBTRACT VERB: We have to write a simple program to elaborate the SUBTRACT verb. You can also use edit characters in the program. Identification division. Pr

Multi-dimensional tables, MULTI-DIMENSIONAL TABLES: The type of table ...

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL TABLES: The type of table which has been considered above is known as one-dimensional table. Whenever a table is such that each of its elements in turn is a

Direct organization, Direct Organization: Besides the relative or inde...

Direct Organization: Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization.  In this organizati

Indexed tables, INDEXED TABLES: The OCCURS clause that is used to defi...

INDEXED TABLES: The OCCURS clause that is used to define tables can optionally have an INDEXED phrase. This phrase involves the names of data items which are to be used as sub

Program for if -else, PROGRAM FOR IF -ELSE: We have to write a program...

PROGRAM FOR IF -ELSE: We have to write a program to check whether the given number is ODD or EVEN. You can use IF..ELSE. Identification division. Program- id. IfElse.

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