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INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION:
This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL.
The FILE-CONTROL is used almost in every program. Below are some of the entries of the FILE-CONTROL paragraph. The Input-Output section is elective in many computers.
WRITE STATEMENT: The WRITE Statement verb releases a record in an output file. The syntax for the WRITE statement can be unlike depending on the output device and the medium us
Program for Sequential File Creation & Rewriting We have to write a program to create a Length file with just two fields: l (Length) and l-c (Length-Code). Add a few records.
PROGRAM FOR INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION: We have to write a program to create an Indexed Sequential File in a dynamic mode for Student particulars. Suppose just 3 fields:
Environment Division: The Environment Division is the second division in the COBOL source program. It is mainly machine-dependent . The computer and all the peripheral dev
NONSTANDARD CLAUSES: The various clauses explained above are as per the ANSI standard. Also, most compilers provide for additional nonstandard clauses to meet the specific nec
RULES FOR OCCURS CLAUSE: The rules apply for the OCCURS clause and the subscripts are as shown below. (1) The integer in the OCCURS clause should be a positive integer.
WRITE Statement: The WRITE statement for a relative file has the format which is as shown below. WRITE record-name [ FORM identifier ]
Illustration of the abbreviation: A few illustration of the abbreviation are given below: Illustration: The compound condition AMOUNT GREATER THAN 499 AND AMOUNT L
scope of marginal costing
LEVEL NUMBERS: The COBOL makes use of the level number concept to explain the hierarchical data structure. A level number is a 2 digit number. The permitted level numbers a
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