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Initializing Records
The illustration below shows that you can initialize a record in its type definition. Whenever you declare a record of the type TimeRec, its 3 fields suppose an initial value of zero.
DECLARE
TYPE TimeRec IS RECORD (
secs SMALLINT := 0,
mins SMALLINT := 0,
hrs SMALLINT := 0);
The illustration later shows that you can impose the NOT NULL constraint on any field, and so avoid the assigning of nulls to that field. The Fields declared as NOT NULL should be initialized.
TYPE StockItem IS RECORD (
item_no INTEGER(3) NOT NULL := 999,
description VARCHAR2(50),
quantity INTEGER,
price REAL(7,2));
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Parameter and Keyword Description: select_item: This select_item is a value returned by the SELECT statement, and then assigned to the equivalent variable or field in the
Constants and Variables: You can declare the constants and variables in the declarative section of any PL/SQL subprogram, block, or package. The Declarations allot the stor
If two relations R and S are joined, then the non matching tuples of both R and S are ignored in __________________.
Logical Connectives - SQL SQL's extended truth tables in which the symbol, for unknown, appears along with the usual T and F. Negation (NOT, ¬) Conjunction (
IN Operator The operator IN tests the set membership. This means "equal to any member of." The set may have nulls, but they are ignored. For illustration, the statement below do
Parameter and Keyword Description: table_reference: This identifies a table or view which should be available when you execute the INSERT statement, and for that you sho
Datatypes Every constant and variable has a datatype that specifies the storage format, constraints, and the valid range of values. The PL/SQL gives a variety of predefined dat
Collections: The collection is an ordered group of elements, all of similar type (for illustration, the grades for a class of students). Each element has an exclusive subsc
Cursor FOR Loops In most cases that need an explicit cursor, you can simplify the coding by using a cursor FOR loop rather of the OPEN, FETCH, and CLOSE statements. A cursor FO
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