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Increases efficiency: Data is stored close to most often used site, therefore retrieval would be faster. Also, data that is not required by local applications is not stored, therefore the size of data to be looked into is smaller.
Explain the structure of well formed formulae in relational calculus. Ans: a. An atom is a formula b. If P1 is a formula, after that so are ¬P1 and (P1) c. If P1 and P2 a
Define the basic operations of the relational algebra? Ans: Basic operators of relational algebra are: 1. Union (∪) - Selects tuples which are in either P or Q or in bot
PHYSICAL DBMS ARCHITECTURE The physical architecture defines the software components used to process and enter data, and how these software components are related and interc
In problems 1 - 4, you are given the columns of a table, and a set of functional dependencies. Determine the normal form of this table. Remember that the normal form is the HIGHE
Views in relational algebra: 1. Basic expression contains either a) A relation in the database. b) A constant relation. 2. General expressions are madde out of sma
List the drawbacks of relational database system A) Repetition of data B) Inability to s certain information.
What is Object Oriented model? This model is based on collection of objects. An object has values stored in instance variables with in the object. An object also having bodies
Shared lock or Read Lock It is requested by a transaction that needs to just read the value of data item. A shared lock on a data item does not permit an exclusive lock
Draw an EER diagram that captures the "is-a" hierarchy of students in another simple database. The database captures both the "basic" information (say, student ID and student name)
explain normalisation
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