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IN Mode
An IN parameter pass the values to the subprogram being called. Within the subprogram, an IN parameter acts like a constant. And hence, it cannot be assigned a value. For illustration, the assignment statement below causes a compilation error:
PROCEDURE debit_account (acct_id IN INTEGER, amount IN REAL) IS
minimum_purchase CONSTANT REAL DEFAULT 10.0;
service_charge CONSTANT REAL DEFAULT 0.50;
BEGIN
IF amount < minimum_purchase THEN
amount := amount + service_charge; -- causes compilation error
END IF;
...
END debit_account;
The actual parameter that correspond to an IN formal parameter can be a literal, constant, initialized variable, or expression. Dissimilar OUT and IN OUT parameters, the IN parameters can be initialized to default values.
Avoiding Collection Exceptions In many cases, if you reference a nonexistent collection element, then PL/SQL raises a predefined exception. Consider the illustration shown b
The Package Specification The package specifications contain the public declarations. The scopes of these declarations are local to your database representation and global to t
Using DELETE This process has three forms. The DELETE removes all elements from the collection. DELETE(n) removes the nth element from the nested table. When n is null, then D
i NEED TO CREATE 3 guiS IN pl/sql sERVER PAGE FORM
PRIMARY KEY: PRIMARY KEY indicates that the table is subject to a key constraint, in this case declaring that no two rows in the table assigned to ENROLMENT can ever have the
SELECT INTO Statement The SELECT INTO statement retrieve data from one or more database tables, and then assigns the selected values to the variables or fields. Syntax:
What Is a Package? The package is a schema object that group logically related PL/SQL items, types, and subprograms. The Packages usually have 2 parts, a specification & a bo
%ROWTYPE: This attribute gives a record type which represents a row in the database table or a row fetched from a formerly declared cursor. The Fields in the record and corresp
which operation is used if we are interested in only certain columns of a table?
Architecture The PL/SQL run-time system and compilation is a technology, not an independent product. Consider this technology as an engine that compiles and executes the PL/SQL
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