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IN Mode
An IN parameter pass the values to the subprogram being called. Within the subprogram, an IN parameter acts like a constant. And hence, it cannot be assigned a value. For illustration, the assignment statement below causes a compilation error:
PROCEDURE debit_account (acct_id IN INTEGER, amount IN REAL) IS
minimum_purchase CONSTANT REAL DEFAULT 10.0;
service_charge CONSTANT REAL DEFAULT 0.50;
BEGIN
IF amount < minimum_purchase THEN
amount := amount + service_charge; -- causes compilation error
END IF;
...
END debit_account;
The actual parameter that correspond to an IN formal parameter can be a literal, constant, initialized variable, or expression. Dissimilar OUT and IN OUT parameters, the IN parameters can be initialized to default values.
Other monadic - SQL In 2VL there are just 4 (2 2 ) monadic operators, of which negation is really the only "useful" one. When a third truth value is introduced we have 27 (3 3
Literature review
How Exceptions Propagate ? Whenever an exception is raised, and if the PL/SQL cannot find a handler for it in the present subprogram or block, the exception propagates. That is
Recursive Subprograms The recursive subprogram is the one that calls itself. Think of a recursive call as a call to a few other subprograms that does the similar task as your
Naming Conventions The similar naming conventions apply to all PL/SQL program items and units including the variables, cursors, constants, cursor variables, procedures, exception
what is the use of declare keyword
Parameter and Keyword Description: cursor_variable_name: This identifies a cursor variable or the parameter formerly declared within the present scope. host_cursor_va
Redeclaring Predefined Exceptions Keep in mind that, the PL/SQL declares predefined exceptions globally in the package STANDARD; Therefore you need not declare them yourself.
Using FIRST and LAST FIRST and LAST return the first and last (minimum and maximum) index numbers in a collection. When the collection is empty, the FIRST and LAST return NULL
Creating and Destroying Base Tables: Example shows an SQL command to create the base table counterpart of the ENROLMENT variable Example Creating a base table. CREATE T
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