Illustration of a clipping window - raster graphics, Computer Graphics

Assignment Help:

Illustration of a Clipping window ABCD is placed as follows:

A (100, 10), B (160, 10, C (160, 40), D (100, 40)

By using Sutherland-Cohen clipping algorithm determine the visible portion of the line segments i.e. EF, GH and P1P2. E (50, 0), F (70, 80), G (120, 20), H (140, 80), P1 (120, 5), P2(180, 30).

2065_Illustration of a Clipping window - Raster Graphics.png

Figure: Example of Cohen Sutherland Line Clipping

At first identifying the line P1P2

INPUT: P1(120, 5),   P2(180, 30)

xL = 100,   xR = 160,    yB = 10,    yT = 40

x1  > xL then bit 1 of code -P1 = 0 C1 left = 0

x1  < xR then bit 2 of code -P1 = 0 C1 right = 0

y1 < yB then bit 3 of code -P1 = 1 C1 bottom = 1

 y1  < yT then bit 4 of code -P1 = 0 C1 top = 0

code -P1 = 0100,

x2  > xL then bit 1 of code -P1 = 0 C2 left = 0

x2  > xR  then bit 2 of code -P1 = 1 C2 right = 1

 y2  > y B then bit 3 of code -P1 = 0 C2 bottom = 0

y2  < yT then bit 4 of code -P1 = 0 C2 top = 0

 code -P2 = 0010.

Both code -P1 <> 0 and code -P2 <> 0

then P1P2 not totally visible

code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0000

therefore (code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0)

then line is not fully invisible.

As code -P <> 0

for  i = 1

{

C1 left (= 0) <> 1 then nothing is done. i = i + 1 = 2

}

code -P1 <> 0 and code -P2 <> 0

then P1P2 not totally visible.

code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0000

therefore (code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0)

then line is not fully invisible.

 for   i = 2

     {

C1 right (= 0) <> 1 then nothing is to be done. i = i + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3

}

code -P1 <> 0 and code -P2 <> 0 then P1P2 not totally visible.

code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0000

therefore, (code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0)

then the line is not fully invisible.

 for   i = 3

{

 C1 bottom = 1 then find intersection of P1P2 with bottom edge yB = 10

xB = (180-120)(10-5)/(30-5) + 120

=132

then P1 = (132,10)

 x1  > xL then bit 1 of code -P1 = 0   C1 left = 0

x1  < xR then bit 2 of code -P1 = 0   C1 right = 0

y1  = yB then bit 3 of code -P1 = 0   C1 bottom = 0

y1  < yT then bit 4 of code -P1 = 0   C1 top = 0

code -P1 = 0000

i = i + 1 = 3 + 1 = 4

}

code -P1 <> 0 but code -P2 <> 0

then P1P2 not totally visible.

code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0000

therefore, (code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0)

then line is not fully invisible.

As code -P1 = 0

Swap P1 and P2 along with the respective flags

P1 = (180, 30) P2 = (132, 10) code -P1 = 0010 code -P2 = 0000

C1 left = 0                         C2 left = 0

C1 right = 1                       C2 right = 0

C1 bottom = 0                  C2 bottom = 0

C1 top = 0                         C2 top = 0

Reset i = 1

for i = 1

{

C1 left (= 0) <> 1 then nothing is to be done. i = i + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2

}

code -P1 <> 0, and code -P2 <> 0

then P1P2 is not totally visible.

code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0000

therefore, (code -P1 AND code -P2 = 0)

then line is not fully invisible.

 for i = 2

{

 C1 right   = 1 then find out intersection of P1P2 with right edge xR = 160

yR = (30 - 5)(160 - 120)/(180 - 120) + 5

= 21.667

= 22 then P1 = (160, 22)

 x1  > xL then bit 1 of code -P1 = 0   C1 left = 0

x1  = xR then bit 2 of code -P1 = 0   C1 right = 0

y1  > yB then bit 3 of code -P1 = 0   C1 bottom = 0

y1  < yT then bit 4 of code -P1 = 0   C1 top = 0

 code -P1 = 0000, i = i + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3

}

As both code -P1 = 0 and code -P2 = 0 then the line segment P1P2 is completely visible.

Consequently, the visible portion of input line P1P2 is P'1P'2 where, P1 = (160, 22) and

P2 = (132, 10).

For the line EF

1)      The endpoint codes are allocated code:

code - E → 0101

code - F → 1001

2) Flags are allocated for the two endpoints:

Eleft = 1 (as x coordinate of E is less than xL)

Eright = 0,  Etop = 0 and Ebottom = 1

As the same,

Fleft = 1,  Fright = 0,  Ftop = 1 and Fbottom = 0

3) Because codes of E and F are both not equivalent to zero the line is not wholly visible.

4) Logical intersection of codes of E and F is not equivalent to zero. Consequently, we may avoid EF line and declare it as wholly invisible.

Identifying the line GH:

a) The endpoint codes are allocated:

code - G → 0000 and

code - H → 1000

b)   Flags are allocated for the two endpoints:

Gleft = 0,  Gright = 0,  Gtop = 0 and Gbottom = 0.

As the same,

Hleft = 0,  Hright = 0,  Htop = 1 and  Hbottom = 0.

c) Because, codes of G and H are both not equivalent to zero according to the line is not totally visible.

d)   Logical intersection of codes of G and H is equivalent to zero consequently we cannot specify it as completely invisible.

f)   Because, code - G = 0, Swap G and H with their flags and set i = 1

Implying   Gleft = 0,  Gright = 0,  Gtop = 1 and  Gbottom = 0.

Hleft = 0,  Hright = 0,  Htop = 0 and  Hbottom = 0.

The same as G → 1000 and H → 0000

6) Because, code - G <> 0 then

for i = 1,

{since Gleft = 0

i = i + 1 = 2

go to 3

}

The conditions 3 and 4 don't hold and so we can't declare line GH as completely visible or invisible.

for i = 2, {since Gright = 0

i = i + 1 = 3

go to 3

}

The conditions 3 and 4 don't hold and so we can't declare line GH as completely visible or invisible.

for i = 3, {since Gbottom = 0

i = i + 1 = 4

go to 3

}

The conditions 3 and 4 don't hold and so we can't declare line GH as completely visible or invisible.

for i = 4, {since Gtop = 1

Intersection along with top edge, as P(x, y) is found as given below:

Any of line passing via the points G, H and a point P(x, y) is given via y - 20 = {(180 - 20) /(140 - 120)}(x - 120) or, y - 20 = 3x - 360 or, y - 30 = -340

Because, the y coordinate of every point on line CD is 40, consequently we put y = 40 for the point of intersection P(x, y) of line GH along with edge CD.

40 - 3x = -340 or, - 3x = - 380

Or else x = 380/3 = 126.66 ≈ 127

Consequently, the point of intersection is P (127, 40). We allocate code to it.

Because, the point lays on edge of the rectangle hence the code allocated to it is 0000. Here, we allocate G = (127, 40); i = 4 + 1 = 5. State 3 and 4 are again checked. Because, codes G and H are both are equivalent to 0, hence, the line among H(120, 20) and G(127, 40) is wholly visible.


Related Discussions:- Illustration of a clipping window - raster graphics

Description and measurement of circadian rhythms, The description and measu...

The description and measurement of circadian rhythms. Describe the standard method used for the recording and graphing of behavioral rhythms in animals, especially the use

How to identify window area - raster graphics and clipping, A convex polygo...

A convex polygonal region having n- vertices {P 0 , P 1 , P 2 ..., P n - 1 , P n , P 0 } or lattice points to be identified by the user includes the convex window area. To be exact

Write a code to generate a composite matrix, Write a code to generate a com...

Write a code to generate a composite matrix for general 3D rotation matrix.  Test your code and rotate continuously a cube about an axis.

Explain the fundamentals of a compression, Question 1 Explain the funda...

Question 1 Explain the fundamental steps in digital image processing 2 Explain the terms reflection, complement and Translation with example diagrams 3 Explain about Imag

Transformation for 3-d shearing, Transformation for 3-D Shearing 2-dim...

Transformation for 3-D Shearing 2-dimensional xy-shearing transformation, as explained in equation, can also be simply extended to 3-dimensional case. All coordinates are tran

Crt, refreh buffer

refreh buffer

What is a dot size and interdot distance, What is a dot size and interdot d...

What is a dot size and interdot distance? Dot size may be explained as the diameter of a single dot on the devices output. Dot size is also known as the Spot size.  Interdo

Line generation algorithms - graphic primitives, Line Generation Algorithms...

Line Generation Algorithms - Graphic Primitives In previous section we have discussed the case of frame buffer, here information regarding the image to be projected upon the

Steps for clip a line segment-pq, Steps for clip a line segment-PQ ...

Steps for clip a line segment-PQ Initially, find all the points of intersections of the line segment PQ along with the edges of the polygonal window and describe them eith

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd