Illustrates typical thermal noise waveform, Electrical Engineering

Assignment Help:

Q. Illustrates typical thermal noise waveform?

In general, any physical resistor or lossy device can be modeled by a noise source in series with a noiseless resistor, as shown in Figure. The noise source is usually characterized as a sample function of a random process. Since random processes involving probability and random variables are outside the scope of this text, we will resort to simpler explanations. Figure (a) illustrates a typical thermal noise waveform n(t). In view of the unpredictable behavior, since the average value of n(t) may be equal to zero, a more useful quantity is the rms value nrms so that the average noise power is given by

N = n2rms/R, if nrms is noise voltage

or

N = n2rmsR, if nrms is noise current

The spectrumof thermal noise power is uniformly spread over frequency up to the infrared region around 1012 Hz, as shown in Figure (b). Such a distribution indicates that n(t) contains all electrical frequencies in equal proportion, and an equal number of electrons is vibrating at every frequency. By analogy to white light, which contains all visible frequencies in equal proportion, thermal noise is also referred to as white noise.

142_Illustrates typical thermal noise waveform.png


Related Discussions:- Illustrates typical thermal noise waveform

Circuit theory, matlab program for verifying maximum power transfer

matlab program for verifying maximum power transfer

Define quantization error, Define Quantization Error? Quantization by i...

Define Quantization Error? Quantization by its nature introduces errors. There are two major sources of errors. One is sampling, that just takes the amplitude of the signal at

Find the frequency of oscillation - amplifier gain, Q. Find the frequency o...

Q. Find the frequency of oscillation, amplifier gain ? The transfer function is found to be where the equation is written as a Laplace transform (s=jw). Analysis of thi

Develop a block diagram for a two-port network, Q. The equations for a two-...

Q. The equations for a two-port network are given by V 1 = z 11 I 1 + z 12 I 2 0 = z 21 I 1 + (z 22 + Z L )I 2 V 2 = - I 2 Z L (a) Satisfying the equations, dev

Cro, Diagram and explanation of cro

Diagram and explanation of cro

Find out the low-frequency voltage gain, Design a differential amplifier wi...

Design a differential amplifier with active current mirror load in Cadence using TSMC 0.35 micron process. The power supply voltage is 3.3V. A 10µA current reference is available

Calculate the unknown thermal conductivity, Derive the mathematical 3-D hea...

Derive the mathematical 3-D heat conduction equation in Spherical Coordinates? A furnace is made up of three layers of thicknesses 250 mm, 150 mm nad 100 mm with thermal conduct

Explain intrinsic semiconductor, Explain Intrinsic Semiconductor. Intr...

Explain Intrinsic Semiconductor. Intrinsic Semiconductor: An extremely pure semiconductor is termed as intrinsic semiconductor. But at absolute zero temperature its valence b

Triode mode, Triode Mode When   V GS   > V th   and   V DS...

Triode Mode When   V GS   > V th   and   V DS   GS   - V th ) The transistor is turned on, and a channel has been created that allows current to

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd