Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Q. Illustrates typical thermal noise waveform?
In general, any physical resistor or lossy device can be modeled by a noise source in series with a noiseless resistor, as shown in Figure. The noise source is usually characterized as a sample function of a random process. Since random processes involving probability and random variables are outside the scope of this text, we will resort to simpler explanations. Figure (a) illustrates a typical thermal noise waveform n(t). In view of the unpredictable behavior, since the average value of n(t) may be equal to zero, a more useful quantity is the rms value nrms so that the average noise power is given by
N = n2rms/R, if nrms is noise voltage
or
N = n2rmsR, if nrms is noise current
The spectrumof thermal noise power is uniformly spread over frequency up to the infrared region around 1012 Hz, as shown in Figure (b). Such a distribution indicates that n(t) contains all electrical frequencies in equal proportion, and an equal number of electrons is vibrating at every frequency. By analogy to white light, which contains all visible frequencies in equal proportion, thermal noise is also referred to as white noise.
Metering Techniques The techniques of metering could be categorized depending upon the voltage at which consumers are fed as: 1. LT (Low Tension) Metering, and 2. HT (Hi
How to prove that heat and work is a patha function?
Consider a 3-hp, 220-V, 1800-r/min separately excited dcmotor controlled by a single-phase fully controlled rectifierwith an ac source voltage of 230Vat 60Hz.Assume that the full-l
For a helical antenna, the half-power beamwidth and directive gain are given by where C = πD, N = L/S, and S = C tan α,in which α is called the pitch angle, and The
Q. Explain crossbar exchange, with all call processing steps and diagrams. Ans: The basic concept of crossbar switching is to provide a matrix of n x m sets of contacts with
Q. A shift register can be used as a binary (a) divide by-2, and (b) multiply-by-2 counter. Explain. Show a block diagram of a 4-bit shift-right register using JKFFs.
Q. Draw a block diagramfor a 2-to-4 decoder. Obtain the truth table, and develop a logic diagram.
If the instruments has no drift it is perfectly reproducible. No drift means that with a given input the measured values do not vary with time. Drift may be classified into thre
1. Introduction : Theory: Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time. It can also be defined as the number of repetitions (cycles) of a w
What is the purpose of clock signal in an 8086 system? 8086 needs clock signal with 33%duty cycle from some external operations.8086 processor needs 5 MHZ clock signal
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd