Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Illustrates about the effect of wall movement on earth pressure?
Effect of wall movement on earth pressure
About fifty years ago Terzaghi conducted a series of tests on large scale model retaining walls to ascertain the variation of magnitude of earth pressures with the movement of the walls. While the wall is rigid and unyielding, no deformations and the soil mass are there in a state called earth pressure at rest. This is represented by the point A in figures (a). When the wail rotates about its toe, moving away from the soil as in figure (b), the soil mass expands, resulting in a decrease of earth pressure. Any element of soil will then behave just like a specimen in a tri-axial test in which the confining pressure is decreased while the axial stress remains constant. When the horizontal stress is decreased to a certain magnitude the full shear strength of the soil will be mobilised. No further decrease in the horizontal stress is possible even with further movement of the wall. This is called active earth force. This is represented by point B in the figure (a).
If the wall is pushed towards the wall as in figure (c) the soil is compressed and the soil offers resistance to this movement by shearing resistance. Any element of the soil can now be considered to be in the condition of a triaxial specimen being failed by increasing the confining pressure while holding the vertical stress constant. The horizontal $tress cannot be increased beyond a magnitude called passive stress. At this stress failure occurs arid the passive earth force is denoted by the point C in figure (a). Active and Passive earth pressures develop corresponding to two limiting slates of equilibrium. The soil mass is said to be in a state of plastic equilibrium ill these two stages. A small increase in stress at this stage will cause the plastic flow condition-a continuous increase in the corresponding strain.
Wall Movement and Development of Active and Passive Pressure
It is to be noted that for stands very little horizontal strain, less than 0.5% is required to reach the active state while little horizontal compression, about 0.5% is required to reach one-half the maximum passive resistance. However about 2% of horizontal compression is needed to reach the full maximum passive resistance in dense sands while m loose sands horizontal compression needed to reach full passive resistance may be as large as 15%.
Method for fractionation of subcellular organelles In order to study the composition and the metabolic role of the various subcellular organelles in a cell, it becomes necessar
Q. What is the relationship between environmental resistance and the population growth according to the biotic potential curve and the real population growth curve? The differe
Test of Deep vein Thrombophlebitis Place blood pressure cuff on unaffected calf and inflate until pain is elicited (usually greater than 150 mm Hg). Place blood press
What is the structure through which the neural impulse is transmitted from one cell to another? What are its parts? The structure by which the neural impulse passes from one c
MA L THU S THEORY OF HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH - Malthus put forward in 1778. 1. Population grows in geometrical ratio, where as the means grow in arithmetical ratio.
What is the structural flat representation of an amino acid molecule? An amino acid has a central carbon to which a carboxyl group binds on a side and to which a -R (variable r
Clothes : The concept of clothes might have started even before weaving, as an extension of the practice of carrying food hd implements about. Attachments with a convenient
CHEMICAL CHANGES DURING CLEAVAGE - 1. Synthesis of DNA occurs. 2. Synthesis of RNA (rRNA is absent, mRNA & tRNA are synthesized very little amount). 3.
Q. Are all pneumonias caused by bacteria? The Pneumonia is the generic name of inflammation of the lungs. Moreover bacterial pneumonias, there are pneumonias caused by fungi, v
carnt understand its principle and mode of working
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +1-415-670-9521
Phone: +1-415-670-9521
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd