Illustrates the effect of wall movement on earth pressure, Biology

Assignment Help:

Illustrates about the effect of wall movement on earth pressure?

Effect of wall movement on earth pressure

About fifty years ago Terzaghi conducted a series of tests on large scale model retaining walls to ascertain the variation of magnitude of earth pressures with the movement of the walls. While the wall is rigid and unyielding, no deformations and the soil mass are there in a state called earth pressure at rest. This is represented by the point A in figures (a). When the wail rotates about its toe, moving away from the soil as in figure (b), the soil mass expands, resulting in a decrease of earth pressure. Any element of soil will then behave just like a specimen in a tri-axial test in which the confining pressure is decreased while the axial stress remains constant. When the horizontal stress is decreased to a certain magnitude the full shear strength of the soil will be mobilised. No further decrease in the horizontal stress is possible even with further movement of the wall. This is called active earth force. This is represented by point B in the figure (a).

If the wall is pushed towards the wall as in figure (c) the soil is compressed and the soil offers resistance to this movement by shearing resistance. Any element of the soil can now be considered to be in the condition of a triaxial specimen being failed by increasing the confining pressure while holding the vertical stress constant. The horizontal $tress cannot be increased beyond a magnitude called passive stress. At this stress failure occurs arid the passive earth force is denoted by the point C in figure (a). Active and Passive earth pressures develop corresponding to two limiting slates of equilibrium. The soil mass is said to be in a state of plastic equilibrium ill these two stages. A small increase in stress at this stage will cause the plastic flow condition-a continuous increase in the corresponding strain.

182_Effect of wall movement on earth pressure.png

Wall Movement and Development of Active and Passive Pressure

It is to be noted that for stands very little horizontal strain, less than 0.5% is required to reach the active state while little horizontal compression, about 0.5% is required to reach one-half the maximum passive resistance. However about 2% of horizontal compression is needed to reach the full maximum passive resistance in dense sands while m loose sands horizontal compression needed to reach full passive resistance may be as large as 15%.


Related Discussions:- Illustrates the effect of wall movement on earth pressure

A patient was complaining of frequent urination, A patient was complaining ...

A patient was complaining of frequent urination, excessive thirst and dehydration. His fasting glucose level was found to be normal. Name the disease and its cause. Describe

Define general protection in the laboratory, Define General protection in t...

Define General protection in the Laboratory? You are required to wear a laboratory coat at all times in the laboratory. It is sensible to buy one of good quality and to launder

Osmosis, Explain the term osmosis

Explain the term osmosis

Cover (area occupied) - quantitative characters, Cover (area occupied) - Qu...

Cover (area occupied) - Quantitative Characters Cover or specifically herbage cover refers primarily to the area of ground occupied by the leaves, stems and inflorescence i.e.

Explain aabout milk fats - edible fats, Milk Fats  Fats of this group a...

Milk Fats  Fats of this group are derived from the milk of ruminants, particularly cows and buffaloes. Although the major fatty acids of milk fat are palmitic, oleic and steari

Sedentary or light activity lifestyles - physical activity, How Sedentary o...

How Sedentary or light activity lifestyles affects Physical Activity? These people have occupations that do not demand much physical effort, we not required to walk long distan

How to load glycogen, How to load glycogen? Over the past fifty years, ...

How to load glycogen? Over the past fifty years, the biggest breakthrough was the discovery of how to load glycogen and sophistication in the methods of glycogen loading. Nitro

Define some essential facts about the fats, Define some Essential facts abo...

Define some Essential facts about the Fats? 1) Fats are essential in diets to facilitate satiety, high-energy intakes, and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and provide essent

How genes can be exchanged between chromatids, Q. How Genes can be exchange...

Q. How Genes can be exchanged between chromatids? When two homologous chromosomes physically exchangecorresponding segments during prophase I of meiosis, geneticists call it cr

What is the absolute pressure at the bottom of the container, A container i...

A container is filled to a depth of 20.0 cm with water. On top of the water floats a 30.0-cm-thick layer of oil with specific gravity 0.700. What is the absolute pressure at the bo

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd