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Illustrate the salient aspects of ionic and metallic bonded crystals.
Properties
Ionic
Metallic
Bonding
Force
The bonds exist due electro- static force of attraction between positive and negative ions of different elements
The bonds exist due to electro- static force of attraction between the electron cloud of valence electrons and positive ions of same or, different metallic elements.
Bond Ionation
Ionic bond is most easily formed when one of the atoms has smaller number of valence electrons, such as the alkali metals and alkali earths (by transfer of electrons).
This type of bond is characteristic of the elements having small numbers of valence electrons, which are loosely held, so that they can be released to the common pool.
Conductivity
Low conductivity is the property of solids formed by ionic bonding.
Good thermal and electrical conductivity is the property of most of the solids formed by metallic bonding.
Mechanical
Solids formed have high hardness.
Ionic crystals tend to break along
Certain planes of crystals rather
Than to deform in a ductile fashion When subjected to stresses.
Solids formed mostly have good ductility.
Bond
Strength
These bonds are generally stronger than metallic bonds.
These bonds are generally less stronger than ionic bonds.
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