Q. Illustrate Structure of the Water Molecule?

Ans.

A water molecule is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom covalently bonded together. The following animation illustrates the synthesis of water from hydrogen and oxygen molecules:

Oxygen is the second most electronegative element. Therefore, the two covalent O-H bonds in water are very polar, and have a dipole. This polar bond occurs because the shared electrons are held closer to the oxygen than to the hydrogen. The polar nature of water is responsible for many of its properties.

The water molecule is nonlinear and has a V-shaped structure with an angle of about 105 between the two O-H bonds:

Water has two types of bonds:

Adjacent water molecules are linked together by hydrogen bonds. These hydrogen bonds occur between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in different water molecules. Covalent bonds occur between hydrogen and oxygen atoms within a single water molecule.