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Human ovum, Biology

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  • A pair of ovaries are the reproductive organs in woman.
  • They are present just below the kidneys in the abdominal cavity.
  • Each ovary has several sac like structures called ovarian follicles or Graffian follicles.
  • Each follicle has a centrally placed large cell called ovum.
  • The ovum is formed from a cell called primary oocyte.
  • When the ovum matures, the follicle ruptures and releases the ovum (haploid) into the body cavity.
  • Ovum is non-motile and is larger in size compared to spermatozoa.
  • Every time one follicle ruptures and one ovum is released.
  • The ruptured follicle is called corpus luteum and it secretes female sex hormone - oestrogen & progesterone.
  • Follicle stimulating hormone secreted by pituitary gland stimulates the growth of follicle and leutinizing hormone secreted by pituitary gland stimulates the rupture
  • of follicle and conversion of follicle in to corpus luteum.

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