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Various methods are employed to calculate the rate constant. The method to be adopted and the proper selection depend on the experimental condition and nature of reactants and products. Some methods employed are discussed below: Volumetric method Used for reactions where reactants or products are acid or base or species undergoes a redox reaction. The idea is illustrated by the example below: (i) Decomposition of H2O2 H2O2 H2O + ½ O2 If [A0] = initial conc. At t = 0 and [A] is conc. At time t then the conc. Of H2O2 at different intervals can be calculated by titration of the reactant using KMnO4 in acidic medium. At any time volume of KMnO4 ≡ [H2O2]4 at time t. Thus, V0 = volume of KMnO4 at start = [A0] Vt = volume of KMnO4 at time t = [A] Hence for first order reaction, k = 2.303/t log V0/Vt. (ii) Decomposition of nitrogen pentaoxide N2O5 decomposes in the gaseous state as well as in the form of its solution in an inert solvent. The decomposition is shown below. When the reaction is dome in its solution, N2O4 and NO2 remain in solution and the volume of oxygen gas collected is noted at different intervals of time. Thus, Volume of O2 gas collected at any time (Vt) ∝ Amt. of N2O5 decomposed (x) i.e. x ∝ Vt Also vol. of O2 gas collected at infinite time (V∞) Amt. of N2O5 taken initially (a) i.e. a ∝ V∞ Using the first order equation k = 2.303/t log V∞/(V∞ - Vt)
Reichert-Meissl value or R/M value - Analysis of oils and fats It points out the amount of steam volatile fatty acids exist in the oil or fat. It is illustarted as the number o
An electronic transition from 1s orbital of an atom causes: (1) Absorption of energy (2) Release of energy (3) Both release or absorption of energy (4) Unpredictable
An aqueous solution has a hydroxyl concentration of 1.75 x 10^-7mol/L. Find the concentration of hydrogen ions in this solution.
why lithium is the strongest reducing agent in alkali metals
The temperatre of an air bubble while rising from bottom to surface of lake remains constant but its diameter is doubled . if the pressure is equivalent to h meter of mercury colum
write the structures of the major product (saytzeff elimination) when the following alcohols are dehydrated with hot,concentrated sulphuric acid. 1. 3-methyl-2-butanol 2. 2-pentano
Q. Show Reduction to Metals? After removed of the gangue, i.e. impurities physically mixed with the metal elements, the concentrated ore becomes ready for the isolation of meta
Types of interferences - Atomic absorption spectrophotometry: Three types of interferences viz., chemical, spectral and physical interferences are encountered in AAS. These re
defference between diffusion and osmosis
Reaction of ammonia with diborane at 475K gives a compound B3N3H6 known as borazine or borazole: Borazine is best prepared by reducing B-trichloroborazme with sodium borohy
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