How light reaction effects cell metabolism, Biology

Assignment Help:

How light reaction effects Cell Metabolism ?

Light reactions :  The light reactions are carried out by two separate assemblies of several hundred chlorophyll molecules, accessory pigments, and associated electron carrier molecules. These groups of molecules are separated into two systems: photosystem I and photosystem II. During light reactions, there are two possible routes for electron flow, cyclic and noncyclic.

1518_photosystem.png

Cyclic Electron Flow :  In cyclic electron flow, chlorophyll molecules from Photosystem I absorb photons from sunlight. The energy is transferred to electrons at a reaction center within the photosystem. Some electrons enter an excited state, enabling them to combine with other molecules by reducing them. The electrons are passed from molecule to molecule in an electron transport chain. The energy released at each stage is used to pump hydrogen ions across the thylakoid membrane. This potential energy is converted into ATP through a process called photophosphorylation, similar to the chemiosmotic phosphorylation that occurs in cellular respiration. The electrons eventually return to their resting state, and are recycled into the photosystem.

Non-Cyclic Electron Flow :  If the second set of photosynthetic processes, the Calvin cycle, is occurring, photosystem II cooperates with photosystem I in noncyclic electron flow to produce NADP+ + H+ in addition to ATP. High energy electrons from photosystem I are not recycled, but stored by the carrier molecules NADP, which become NADP+ + H+, and are used in the Calvin Cycle. Photosystem II replaces the electrons that are lost from Photosystem I through the Hill Reaction. The Hill Reaction breaks water (H2O) down into hydrogen ions (2H+) and oxygen gas ( O2) by removing electrons. Hydrogen ions (H+) accumulate within the lumen of the thylakoid, fueling the proton pump powering chemiosmosis, and oxygen atoms combine to form O2, which escapes into the atmosphere. The extracted electrons are then sent to Photosystem I. Non-cyclic electron flow thus produces ATP, NADP+ + H+ for the Calvin Cycle, and oxygen.


Related Discussions:- How light reaction effects cell metabolism

Incomplete digestive and a complete digestive system system, Q What is the ...

Q What is the difference between an incomplete digestive and a complete digestive system system? How are these types of digestive tubes associated or not to extracellular digestion

Solution of ampicillin, How much ampicillin (sodium sal, mw=371.40) would y...

How much ampicillin (sodium sal, mw=371.40) would you dissolve in 400 mL of water to make 80 mg/ml solution of ampicillin?

What factor below contributed to the current variations, According to the t...

According to the theory of natural selection, what factor below contributed to the current variations in beak sizes of finch species on the Galapagos islands? a. Finches dispersed

Explain the requirement of nutrition during stress, Explain the requirement...

Explain the requirement of Nutrition during Stress? We all experience stress at some time or the other in life. Stress is the condition or stimulus that threatens the body's ho

Which amino acid can form disulfide bonds, a. Which amino acid can form dis...

a. Which amino acid can form disulfide bonds? b. Which level of protein structure do disulfide bonds affect? How? c. Cytoplasmic proteins rarely form disulfide bonds, even if they

Determine general principles of allergy management, Determine General Princ...

Determine General Principles of Allergy Management? The four general principles of allergy management include: 1.  Avoid factors that cause symptoms. 2.  Use appropriate

Explain nutritional science, Explain nutritional science Dietitians ar...

Explain nutritional science Dietitians are in a 'helping' profession because the services they provide are beneficial to individuals  and society and dedicated to improving th

Respiration, explain the respiration that takes place in different organism...

explain the respiration that takes place in different organisms??

Mechanism of circulatory system, MECHANISM - 1 .      AURICULAR SYSTO...

MECHANISM - 1 .      AURICULAR SYSTOLE - First of all from complete body impure blood comes in R.A. by superior and inferior vena cava or pre and post cavals. Pure blo

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd