History of parallel computers, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

History Of Parallel Computers

The test with and implementations of the utilize of parallelism started year back in the 1950s by the IBM.  The IBM enlarges computers also called as IBM 7030 was building in 1959.  In the design of these computers, a number of new ideas like overlapping I/O with processing and instruction look ahead were established.  A serious advance towards designing similar computers was going ahead with the development of ILLIAC IV in 1964 at the University of Illinois.  It had an only control unit but have multiple processing elements. On this machine, at a time, a one operation is executed on dissimilar data items by diverse processing elements. The idea of pipelining was begin in computer CDC 7600 in 1969.  It takes pipelined arithmetic unit.  In the years 1970 to 1985, the study in this area was decided on the development of vector super computer.  In 1976, the CRAY1 was determined by Seymour Cray.  Cray1 was a pioneering effort in the enlargement of vector registers. It accessed main memory only for store and load operations. Cray1 never use optimized pipelined arithmetic unit and virtual memory.  Cray1 had timer speed of 12.5 n.sec. The Cray1 processor evolved upto a speed of 12.5 Mflops on 100 × 100 linear equation solutions. The next invention of Cray called Cray XMP was introduced in the years 1982-84.  It was attached with 8-vector supercomputers and it is used a shared memory also.

Apart from Cray, the giant company developing, Control Data Corporation (CDC), parallel computers of USA, formed supercomputers, the CDC 7600. Its vector supercomputers named Cyber 205 had memory to memory architecture that is, input Vector operands were flow from the main memory to the vector arithmetic unit and the outputs were accumulated back in the main memory.  The benefit of this architecture was that It did not maximize the size of vector operands. The drawback was that it essential required a very high speed memory so that there would be no speed mismatch between main memory and vector arithmetic units.  Developing such high speed memory is very expensive. The Clock hustle of Cyber 205 was 20 n.sec. In the 1980s Japan also going ahead for manufacturing high performance vector supercomputers. Companies like, Fujitsu, Hitachi and NEC were the core manufacturers.  Hitach Established S-810/210 and S-810/10 vector supercomputers in 1982. All these equipment used semiconductor technologies to accomplish speeds at par with Cyber and Cray.  But their vectorisers and operating system were inferior than those of American companies.


Related Discussions:- History of parallel computers

Write short note on code optimization, Write short note on code optimizatio...

Write short note on code optimization. Code optimization: It is the optional phase designed to enhance the intermediate code therefore the Ultimate object program runs quicke

What is pli, What is PLI Programming  Language  Interface  (PLI)  of  V...

What is PLI Programming  Language  Interface  (PLI)  of  Verilog  HDL  is  a  mechanism  to  interface  Verilog programs  with  programs  written  in  C  language.  It also pro

Define pvm library routines, Q. Define PVM library routines? In this se...

Q. Define PVM library routines? In this segment we will give a short description of the routines in PVM 3 user library. Each PVM program must comprise the PVM header file 'pvm3

Develop an object-oriented design, Investigate the MIPS programmers model a...

Investigate the MIPS programmers model and develop an object-oriented design that will reflect aspects of the MIPS architecture. Consider the functional units of the architecture a

What is an activex interface, An ActiveX interface is a group of linked fun...

An ActiveX interface is a group of linked functions that are grouped together

Explain the essential elements of electronic data interchang, What are the ...

What are the essential elements of Electronic Data Interchange. The necessary elements of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) are: The use of an electronic transmission me

Explain shift register with diagram and waveform, Q. Explain Shift register...

Q. Explain Shift register with diagram and waveform.   Q. Write a short note on Decoder.

What is a serial port, What is a serial port?  A serial port transfers...

What is a serial port?  A serial port transfers and receives data single bit at a time.

Expression for boolean function in standard POSform, Write the expression f...

Write the expression for Boolean function for F (A, B, C) = ∑m (1,4,5,6,7) in standard POS form.                                   Ans: f (A,B,C )= ΣM (1,4,5,6,7) in standard POS

We cannot use append structures why, If a table that is to be extended cont...

If a table that is to be extended contains a long field, we cannot use append structures why? Long fields in a table must always be located in the last, as the last field of th

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd